Collaborative Research: WoU-MMA: Development of an Advanced Data Selection System for the DUNE Far Detector

20世纪最重要的智力成就之一是粒子物理学标准模型（SM）的发展。这个模型成功地将当时已知的所有基本粒子划分为具有相似量子特性的等级。迄今为止，该模型的有效性已被欧洲核子研究中心大型强子对撞机发现的希格斯玻色子所证实。然而，目前存在的标准模型留下了许多关于宇宙的问题，包括为什么希格斯质量具有它所具有的价值以及为什么宇宙中没有反物质等基本问题。寻找这些和其他关于宇宙的开放性问题的答案的主要领域之一，它是如何形成的，为什么它是这样的，就是把重点放在中微子的特性研究上，并利用我们所知道的和可以学到的中微子作为超越标准模型（BSM）的科学探测器。对这些不寻常粒子相互作用的详细测量是探索超越标准模型的新物理的最有希望的方法之一。中微子可以从地面设施产生，比如费米实验室的加速器综合体，也可以来自天体物理起源。这些中微子的相互作用将在位于南达科他州桑福德地下研究设施的深地下中微子实验（DUNE）中被记录和研究。DUNE拥有巨大的液态氩时间投影室，将研究来自费米实验室的基于加速器的中微子束的振荡，此外还对地外中微子敏感，包括超新星爆炸、太阳中微子和其他来源的中微子。实验人员面临的挑战是，费米实验室产生的中微子与许多有趣的天体物理来源产生的中微子的能量截然不同。通过该奖项，包括美国国家科学基金会宇宙计划窗口的支持，哥伦比亚小组将启动触发器和数据采集策略的开发，可以为DUNE探测液体氩气中的低能电子中微子相互作用提供指导。这包括使用机器学习技术来触发，这种方法最近被证明是一种颠覆性的技术，用于在液态氩气中进行事件选择和重建。这种触发方式的广泛影响是显著的。它有可能使DUNE实验通过获取太阳和超新星中微子以及搜索质子衰变，对多信使天体物理学和时域天体物理学的国际科学努力作出直接和重大的贡献。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

One of the major intellectual achievements of the 20th century was the development of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics. This model succeeded in classifying all of the elementary particles known at the time into a hierarchy of groups having similar quantum properties. The validity of this model to date was confirmed by the discovery of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. However, the Standard Model as it currently exists leaves open many questions about the universe, including such fundamental questions as to why the Higgs mass has the value it has and why there is no antimatter in the universe. One of the primary areas to search for answers to these and other open questions about the universe, how it came to be, and why it is the way it is, is to focus on a study of the properties of neutrinos and to use what we know and can learn about neutrinos as probes of science Beyond the Standard Model (BSM). Detailed measurements of the interactions of these unusual particles are one of the most promising ways to probe for new physics beyond the Standard Model.Neutrinos can be produced from ground-based facilities, such as the accelerator complex at Fermilab, and can also come from astrophysical origin. The interactions of these neutrinos will be recorded and studied in the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) located at the Sanford Underground Research Facility located in South Dakota. DUNE, with its large liquid Argon Time Projection Chambers, will study the oscillations of the accelerator-based neutrino beam from Fermilab, and additionally is sensitive to extra-terrestrial neutrinos, including those from supernova explosions, solar neutrinos, and other sources. The challenge for the experimenters is the vastly different energies of the neutrinos produced by Fermilab and those from many interesting astrophysical sources. Through this award, which includes support from the NSF Windows on the Universe Program, the Columbia group will initiate the development of trigger and data acquisition strategies that can provide a guide for DUNE detection of low energy electron neutrino interactions in Liquid Argon. This includes the use of machine learning techniques for triggering, an approach which has recently been demonstrated to be a disruptive technology for event selection and reconstruction in liquid Argon. The broader impact of this triggering approach is significant. It has the potential to allow the DUNE experiment to make direct and significant contributions to the international scientific effort in Multi-Messenger Astrophysics and time-domain astrophysics, through access to solar and supernova neutrinos and as well as to searches for proton decay.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.