Synergistic Relations Between Theories of Visual Perception and Iconoclasm

视觉感知理论与反传统理论之间的协同关系

• 批准号: 1755099
• 负责人: Mary Quinlan-McGrath
• 金额: $ 21.39万
• 依托单位: Northern Illinois University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-04-01 至 2021-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1755099&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Synergistic; Relations; Between; Theories; Visual

This award supports history of science research at the interface of science and religion. The research explores the relationships between the science of vision, images, and the optical-psychological practices with images at a critical juncture of western civilization. Specifically, it focuses on relationships between understandings of optics and violent European religious iconoclasms that occurred during the early modern period. The researcher will show that common beliefs about the ways vision and visual psychology worked, and the different uses of that knowledge by artists on the one hand and theologians on the other, set religious art on a collision course with the Reformation understandings of the image. The connections between science, religion, and society that are to be revealed in this study will serve to create scholarly exchanges among those in the natural sciences, social sciences, visual arts, and several fields within the humanities. The results of this study will be integrated into curricular development at the undergraduate and graduate levels, and they will be disseminated in professional journals and conferences. Finally, there will be a conference to extend the trajectories of the main lines of inquiry of this research.The overarching research question of this study addresses what the science of vision can teach us about iconoclastic violence. The researcher will engage in this study first setting out the understandings of optics in this period among different levels of society, then comparing textual evidence in Latin and vernacular religious texts alongside visual and text evidence from the artists. Scientific understandings today recognize vision, perception, and memory storage as physical processes that create both temporary and long-term changes to the brain. Early scientists also recognized the power of vision, especially when focused on images, to alter the mind physically. Those who urgently called for immediate destruction of religious images repeatedly point to the fact that the devout had confused the material image with the holy figure portrayed, and were treating the material object as though it were alive. As the Reformers point out, the optical habits of daily meditation on images, especially on images that appeared alive, caused the images to become physically part of the person's memory, and shaped the person's identity. The iconoclasts understood their image destruction to be destroying a deeply ingrained psychological part of the individual that was considered religiously pernicious.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项支持科学和宗教界面的科学研究历史。本研究探讨在西方文明的关键时刻，视觉科学与影像，以及与影像相关的光学心理实践之间的关系。具体来说，它侧重于光学的理解和暴力的欧洲宗教圣像发生在近代早期之间的关系。研究人员将表明，关于视觉和视觉心理学工作方式的共同信念，以及艺术家和神学家对这些知识的不同用途，将宗教艺术置于与宗教改革对图像的理解相冲突的道路上。本研究揭示的科学、宗教和社会之间的联系将有助于在自然科学、社会科学、视觉艺术和人文学科的几个领域之间建立学术交流。这项研究的结果将纳入本科和研究生课程的制定，并将在专业期刊和会议上传播。最后，将有一个会议，以扩大本研究的主要调查路线的轨迹。这项研究的首要研究问题是视觉科学可以教我们什么关于圣像暴力。研究人员将首先阐述这一时期社会不同阶层对光学的理解，然后将拉丁文和地方宗教文本中的文本证据与艺术家的视觉和文本证据进行比较。今天的科学认识认识到视觉，感知和记忆存储是对大脑产生暂时和长期变化的物理过程。早期的科学家们也认识到视觉的力量，特别是当专注于图像时，可以从身体上改变思维。那些迫切要求立即销毁宗教图像的人一再指出，虔诚的人混淆了物质形象和所描绘的神圣形象，并把物质对象当作活的。正如宗教改革家们指出的那样，每天对图像进行冥想的光学习惯，特别是那些看起来有生命的图像，使图像成为人的记忆的物理部分，并塑造了人的身份。破坏圣像者明白他们的形象破坏是摧毁一个根深蒂固的心理部分的个人，被认为是宗教有害的。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得支持的评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。