Developmental relations between emotion input and emotion perception

情绪输入与情绪感知之间的发展关系

• 批准号: 2333886
• 负责人: Vanessa LoBue
• 金额: $ 64.89万
• 依托单位: Rutgers University Newark
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2024-06-01 至 2027-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2333886&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Developmental; relations; between; emotion; input

Understanding and interpreting emotional expressions is important for social interactions. Emotion understanding helps people respond to others’ needs, make predictions about social interactions, and even control emotional responses. Research shows that children who are better at understanding emotions are perceived as more socially skilled by their teachers, more likable by their peers, and are better able to navigate aggressive interactions. However, it is not well understood how infants and young children learn about the emotions of others, mostly because the emotions that infants and children see in everyday life are not well understood. For decades, researchers have assumed that children learn from the stereotypic emotional expressions they see in pictures. Recent research suggests that in contrast to what was long assumed, the emotional expressions people actually make in real life do not look a lot like the stereotypes. This means that we still do not understand what input infants use to learn about emotions, and how that input informs their emotional understanding. Thus, in order to advance the understanding of emotional learning, this project documents the emotions infants see in the real world during everyday social interactions, and how what they see translates into what they know about emotions. By characterizing the emotional input common of typically developing infants, this project aims to pave the way to better understanding of how atypical emotional environments, such as those associated with depressed, anxious, or abusive parents, shape maladaptive trajectories of emotional behavior. Project investigators plan to test infants at three different time points, at 6, 9, and 12 months of age. At each time point, researchers place a head-mounted camera on both the infants and their caregivers to record their emotional expressions during everyday interactions such as playing, feeding, and diaper changing. These video data are first used to (i) describe infants’ exposure to naturalistic emotion expressions between the ages of 6 and 12 months, and (ii) describe how caregivers respond to the emotional information provided by the infants themselves (such as crying, laughing, etc.). Next, the research team assesses whether emotional information provided by caregivers (emotional facial expressions and language) predicts infants’ performance on several tasks that measure what infants know about emotions. The outcome of this project is to provide insight into how naturalistic emotional information available to infants during everyday social interactions helps shape how infants learn about emotions over time. This project provides new insights into the natural input for the early development of emotion perception in infancy and lays the groundwork for research on the development of abstract emotion categories.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

理解和解释情绪表达对于社交互动很重要。情绪理解可以帮助人们响应他人的需求，对社交互动做出预测，甚至控制情绪反应。研究表明，更擅长理解情绪的孩子被老师认为在社会上更熟练，同龄人更讨人喜欢，并且能够更好地驾驶积极的互动。但是，尚不清楚婴儿和幼儿如何学习他人的情绪，主要是因为婴儿和儿童在日常生活中看到的情绪尚未得到充分的理解。几十年来，研究人员一直认为孩子从图片中看到的刻板印象的情感表达中学习。最近的研究表明，与长期以来的假设形成鲜明对比的是，人们在现实生活中实际上所作的情感表达并不像刻板印象。这意味着我们仍然不了解婴儿用来了解情绪的投入，以及该输入如何为他们的情感理解提供信息。为了促进对情感学习的理解，该项目记录了婴儿在每天社交互动中在现实世界中看到的情绪，以及他们如何看待的方式转化为他们对情感的了解。通过表征通常发展婴儿的情感输入，该项目旨在更好地了解非典型情绪环境（例如与沮丧，焦虑或虐待父母相关的情感环境）如何塑造情绪行为的不良适应性轨迹。项目调查人员计划在6、9和12个月大的三个不同时间点测试婴儿。在每个时间点，研究人员都会在婴儿及其护理人员上放置一个头部的摄像头，以记录他们在每天互动中的情绪表情，例如播放，喂食和尿布。这些视频数据首先用于（i）描述婴儿在6到12个月之间对自然主义情绪表达的暴露，以及（ii）描述护理人员如何应对婴儿本身提供的情感信息（例如哭泣，笑等）。接下来，研究团队评估了护理人员（情感面部表情和语言）提供的情感信息是否可以预测婴儿在几个任务上的表现，这些任务衡量了婴儿对情绪的了解。该项目的结果是提供有关每天在社交互动中每天可用的自然情感信息的信息，有助于塑造婴儿如何随着时间的推移学习情绪。该项目为婴儿期情绪感知的早期发展提供了新的见解，并为开发抽象情感类别的开发奠定了基础。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的审查标准来评估通过评估而被认为是珍贵的。