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Systematizing Connective Labor

系统化连接劳动

基本信息

批准号：
1755419
负责人：
Allison Pugh
金额：
$ 20.5万
依托单位：
University of Virginia Main Campus
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-02-15 至 2022-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1755419&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Systematizing Connective Labor

项目摘要

This research investigates connective labor, a novel concept of service work, and examines the impact of contemporary trends in standardization and automation. Some jobs have relationships with people at the core of their work where these relationships require an emotional connection between workers and their charges. Teachers, therapists, primary care physicians, even prison guards each depend on relationships in service to a larger goal: children learning, patients healing, prisons secure. Connective labor captures the relational work between practitioner and recipient, using their emotional connection to produce an outcome. Existing research documents the importance of work involving relationships for valuable outcomes in arenas from schools to hospitals; these proven impacts of connective labor make its scarcity, uneven distribution or unreliable performance a social problem. Yet its emotional nature resists efforts to make it more systematic or automated. This research will provide new information to policymakers and the public about connective labor: its variation, its value, and the costs and benefits of making it more systematic, scaling it up, or delivering it by non-human agents. The project will also contribute to ongoing public debates and policy deliberations about automation and work involving relationships, by providing a new visibility for connective labor and the kind of standards and technology that support its excellence. The goals of the project are: to distill the common practices and principles that comprise connective labor, for practitioners as well as the program administrators and artificial intelligence (AI) engineers who would systematize their work; investigate how workers experience different kinds of systematization, from checklists to robotics; and evaluate how such systematization affects connective labor. Research includes 95 in-depth interviews and ethnographic observations with connective laborers in fields focused on security and/or control, e.g. police; with low-wage workers in home health care; and with what might be called systematizers, e.g., administrators. The results of the study will document characteristics of different kinds of connective labor, outline the risks and rewards of the various ways these are systematized, and explain differing stances towards this work.

这项研究调查了联系劳动这一服务工作的新概念，并考察了当代标准化和自动化趋势的影响。一些工作与处于工作核心的人有关系，这些关系需要员工和他们的主管之间的情感联系。教师、治疗师、初级保健医生，甚至狱警，每个人都依赖于为一个更大的目标服务的关系：儿童学习，病人治愈，监狱安全。关联劳动捕捉实践者和接受者之间的关系工作，使用他们的情感联系来产生结果。现有的研究证明，在从学校到医院的各个领域，涉及有价值成果的关系的工作的重要性；这些被证明的联系劳动的影响使其稀缺性、分配不均或不可靠的表现成为一个社会问题。然而，它的情绪性抵制让它变得更加系统化或自动化的努力。这项研究将向政策制定者和公众提供关于连接劳动的新信息：它的变化，它的价值，以及使其更加系统化、扩大规模或由非人类代理人提供的成本和收益。该项目还将通过为连接劳动以及支持其卓越的标准和技术提供新的可见性，为正在进行的关于自动化和涉及关系的工作的公共辩论和政策审议做出贡献。该项目的目标是：为从业者以及将把他们的工作系统化的项目管理员和人工智能(AI)工程师提炼构成连接性劳动的常见做法和原则；调查工人如何经历从核对表到机器人技术等不同类型的系统化；并评估这种系统化如何影响连接性劳动。研究包括对专注于安全和/或控制领域的相关劳动者进行95次深入访谈和人种学观察，例如警察；家庭保健领域的低薪工人；以及可以称为系统化的人，例如管理员。这项研究的结果将记录不同类型的联系劳动的特点，概述这些工作系统化的各种方式的风险和回报，并解释对这项工作的不同立场。