RAPID: Discovering Crises Within Crises - Real-Time Detection, Tracking and Visualization of Emergent Crises in Hurricanes

RAPID：发现危机中的危机 - 飓风中紧急危机的实时检测、跟踪和可视化

• 批准号: 1760645
• 负责人: John Taylor
• 金额: $ 18.77万
• 依托单位: Georgia Tech Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-10-01 至 2019-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1760645&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Discovering; Crises; Within; Real

Hurricanes are a devastating natural disaster. Forecasters at the NOAA Climate Prediction Center have predicted an above-normal hurricane season this year. This prediction is already proving accurate as evidenced by the two massive and devastating recent hurricanes: Hurricane Harvey and Hurricane Irma. It is urgent and time critical to develop, refine and test systems that can improve the ability of first responders and emergency management agencies to identify emergent crises before, during and after hurricanes. The research objective of this Rapid Response Research (RAPID) is to develop a crisis detection, tracking and visualization system. Social media data collected before, during and after Hurricane Harvey and Hurricane Irma will be used to develop and retrospectively validate the system. The results of this research will improve the detection, tracking and visualization of emergent crises in hurricanes and other large scale natural disasters in the future by enabling the pinpointing of extreme crisis areas in the midst of an overall emerging crisis. This will be accomplished without prior definition of crisis topics to enable the detection of unexpected crises that are clustered in space and time, potentially leading to more lives saved. It will further provide first responder and emergency management agencies with a new understanding of the role spatially-referenced social media can play in increasing the effectiveness of disaster response efforts. The research findings and the detection, tracking and visualization system will be disseminated in presentations to emergency responders in coastal urban areas to demonstrate the system and encourage its implementation in future tropical cyclone seasons.

飓风是一种毁灭性的自然灾害。美国国家海洋和大气管理局气候预测中心的预报员预测，今年的飓风季节将高于正常水平。这一预测已经被证明是准确的，因为最近两次大规模和破坏性的飓风：飓风哈维和飓风厄玛。开发、完善和测试系统，以提高第一响应者和应急管理机构在飓风之前、期间和之后识别紧急危机的能力，这是迫在眉睫的，而且时间至关重要。本快速反应研究（Rapid）的研究目标是开发一个危机检测、跟踪和可视化系统。“哈维”和“厄玛”飓风之前、期间和之后收集的社交媒体数据将用于开发和回顾性验证该系统。这项研究的结果将通过在整体新出现的危机中精确定位极端危机区域，提高未来飓风和其他大规模自然灾害中紧急危机的检测、跟踪和可视化。这将在没有事先定义危机主题的情况下完成，以便能够发现在空间和时间上聚集的意外危机，从而可能挽救更多生命。它将进一步使第一响应者和应急管理机构对空间参照社会媒体在提高救灾工作效率方面可以发挥的作用有新的认识。研究结果和探测、跟踪和可视化系统将以介绍形式向沿海城市地区的应急人员传播，以展示该系统并鼓励在今后的热带气旋季节实施该系统。

项目成果

The Sound of Silence: Exploring How Decreases in Tweets Contribute to Local Crisis Identification

• 发表时间: 2018
• 作者: R. Samuels;J. Taylor;Neda Mohammadi

Measuring the Impact of Transportation Diversity on Disaster Resilience in Urban Communities: Case Study of Hurricane Harvey in Houston, TX

衡量交通多样性对城市社区抗灾能力的影响：德克萨斯州休斯顿飓风哈维的案例研究

• DOI: 10.1061/9780784482445.071
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Proceedings of the ASCE International Conference on Computing in Civil Engineering
• 作者: Wang, Yan;Rahimi-Golkhandan, Armin;Chen, Changjie;Taylor, John E.;Garvin, Michael J.
• 通讯作者: Garvin, Michael J.

The Promise of Smart and Resilient Cities

智慧和韧性城市的前景

• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: The Bridge
• 作者: DesRoches, R.;Taylor, J.
• 通讯作者: Taylor, J.

Applied Methodology for Identifying Hurricane-Induced Social Media Signal Changes in Vulnerable Populations

识别飓风引起的弱势群体社交媒体信号变化的应用方法

• DOI: 10.1061/9780784482445.067
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Proceedings of the ASCE International Conference on Computing in Civil Engineering
• 作者: Samuels, Rachel;Taylor, John E.
• 通讯作者: Taylor, John E.

Coupling sentiment and human mobility in natural disasters: a Twitter-based study of the 2014 South Napa Earthquake

• DOI: 10.1007/s11069-018-3231-1
• 发表时间: 2018-06-01
• 期刊: NATURAL HAZARDS
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Wang, Yan;Taylor, John E.
• 通讯作者: Taylor, John E.