CHS: Medium: Drawing from Theories of Justice to Respond to Online Harassment

CHS：媒介：借鉴正义理论应对网络骚扰

• 批准号: 1763297
• 负责人: Sarita Schoenebeck
• 金额: $ 90.92万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1763297&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CHS; Medium; Drawing; Theories; Justice

This award investigates how theories and models of justice can be designed into online systems for people and technology to more effectively and productively respond to online harassment. It develops approaches to respond to online harassment in ways that promote perceptions of fairness of process and outcome and reduce likelihood of future harassment by both the offender and the community. This research will provide Internet users with theoretically-informed strategies for responding to online offenses. It will also provide technology companies and policymakers with guidelines for promoting civility and inclusivity online. It will translate research results to the public through a web-based resource for Internet users and will produce a toolbox of educational resources that exposes students to the theories, methods, and open questions surrounding online harassment - a widespread and socially relevant problem in computing that has not been solved by existing systems. Currently, automated approaches such as keyword detection are plagued by errors that have counter-productive results, while social practices such as reporting demand exhaustive labor from victims. Both approaches rely on a model of criminal justice that seeks to identify and punish offenders for their offenses; however, this model breaks down in online environments where harassers can hide behind anonymous identities and lagging legal systems.The work will first 1) audit existing site policies and practices for responding to online harassment and map those to theories of justice; and 2) investigate how Internet users assess and respond to harassment based on characteristics of the site, offender, post, and community. Then, it will propose and evaluate interventions that 3) promote perceptions of fairness in process and outcome in response to harassment; and 4) reduce likelihood of future harassment. Finally, it will provide a public-facing interactive tool that 5) trains Internet users to identify and improve their own orientations toward retribution online; and 6) provides educational content for high school and college students to learn theories, methods, and opportunities in the field of computing through a robust set of case studies in online harassment. This research employs a novel and potentially transformative vision for leveraging fundamental principles of justice, including fairness, transparency, proportionality, and reparation, into online interactions. This may be more effective than existing models because it is not as dependent on the ability to enact consequences for any given user. This project addresses numerous conceptual and technical challenges, including how to enact fair processes and proportionate outcomes in responses to online harassment.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项调查如何将司法理论和模式设计成在线系统，使人和技术更有效、更有成效地应对在线骚扰。它制定了应对在线骚扰的方法，以提高对过程和结果的公平性的看法，并减少犯罪者和社区未来骚扰的可能性。这项研究将为互联网用户提供理论上知情的应对网络攻击的策略。它还将为科技公司和政策制定者提供在网上促进文明和包容性的指导方针。它将通过面向互联网用户的基于网络的资源将研究成果翻译给公众，并将产生一个教育资源工具箱，让学生接触到围绕在线骚扰的理论、方法和公开问题--在线骚扰是计算机中一个广泛存在的与社会相关的问题，现有系统尚未解决。目前，关键字检测等自动化方法受到错误的困扰，这些错误会产生适得其反的结果，而报告等社会实践则需要受害者耗尽精力。这两种方法都依赖于一种寻求识别和惩罚肇事者的刑事司法模式；然而，这种模式在网络环境中崩溃，在网络环境中，骚扰者可以隐藏在匿名身份和落后的法律制度之后。这项工作将首先审计现有的网站应对在线骚扰的政策和做法，并将其与正义理论相对应；以及2)调查互联网用户如何根据网站、犯罪者、帖子和社区的特征来评估和应对骚扰。然后，它将提出并评估以下干预措施：3)提高应对骚扰的过程和结果的公平感；以及4)减少未来骚扰的可能性。最后，它将提供一个面向公众的互动工具，培训互联网用户识别和改进他们自己对在线报复的取向；以及6)为高中生和大学生提供教育内容，通过一组强大的在线骚扰案例研究，学习计算领域的理论、方法和机会。这项研究采用了一种新的、可能具有变革性的愿景，将公平、透明、相称和赔偿等基本正义原则运用到在线互动中。这可能比现有的模型更有效，因为它不那么依赖于为任何给定用户制定后果的能力。该项目解决了许多概念和技术挑战，包括如何制定公平的程序和相称的结果来应对在线骚扰。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Evaluating the Social Media Profiles of Online Harassers: An Experimental Study of Attention and Attitudes

评估在线骚扰者的社交媒体资料：注意力和态度的实验研究

• DOI: 10.1145/3567557
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction
• 作者: Schoenebeck, Sarita;Shen, Yu Yin;Davidson, Jill
• 通讯作者: Davidson, Jill

Women's Perspectives on Harm and Justice after Online Harassment

女性对网络骚扰后的伤害和正义的看法

• DOI: 10.1145/3555775
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction
• 作者: Im, Jane;Schoenebeck, Sarita;Iriarte, Marilyn;Grill, Gabriel;Wilkinson, Daricia;Batool, Amna;Alharbi, Rahaf;Funwie, Audrey;Gankhuu, Tergel;Gilbert, Eric
• 通讯作者: Gilbert, Eric

Data and Power: Archival Appraisal Theory as a Framework for Data Preservation

数据与力量：作为数据保存框架的档案评估理论

• DOI: 10.1145/3415233
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction
• 作者: Schoenebeck, Sarita;Conway, Paul
• 通讯作者: Conway, Paul

Characteristics of People Who Engage in Online Harassing Behavior

网络骚扰行为者的特征

• DOI: 10.1145/3491101.3519812
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: CHI EA '22: Extended Abstracts of the 2022 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
• 作者: Lee, Song Mi;Lampe, Cliff;Prescott, JJ;Schoenebeck, Sarita
• 通讯作者: Schoenebeck, Sarita

Implications of Facebook Engagement Types and Feed’s Social Content for Self-Esteem via Social Comparison Processes

Facebook 参与类型和 Feed 的社交内容通过社交比较过程对自尊的影响

• DOI: 10.1177/20563051211042400
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Social Media + Society
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Triệu, Penny;Ellison, Nicole B.;Schoenebeck, Sarita Y.;Brewer, Robin N.
• 通讯作者: Brewer, Robin N.