CHS: Medium: Drawing from Theories of Justice to Respond to Online Harassment

该奖项旨在研究如何将司法理论和模型设计到在线系统中，以便人们和技术更有效地应对在线骚扰。它制定了应对在线骚扰的方法，以促进对过程和结果公平性的看法，并减少犯罪者和社区未来骚扰的可能性。这项研究将为互联网用户提供理论上知情的战略，以应对网上犯罪。它还将为科技公司和政策制定者提供在线促进文明和包容性的指导方针。它将通过基于网络的资源为互联网用户将研究成果转化为公众，并将产生一个教育资源工具箱，使学生接触到理论，方法和围绕在线骚扰的开放问题-这是一个广泛的和社会相关的计算问题，尚未被现有系统解决。目前，关键字检测等自动化方法受到错误的困扰，这些错误会产生适得其反的结果，而报告等社会实践则需要受害者进行详尽的劳动。这两种方法都依赖于一种刑事司法模式，这种模式旨在识别和惩罚犯罪者的罪行;然而，这种模式在网络环境中崩溃了，骚扰者可以隐藏在匿名身份和落后的法律的系统后面。这项工作将首先1）审计现有的网站政策和实践，以应对在线骚扰，并将其映射到正义理论; 2）根据网站、骚扰者、帖子和社区的特点，调查互联网用户如何评估和应对骚扰。然后，它将提出并评估干预措施，3）促进对骚扰过程和结果的公平感; 4）减少未来骚扰的可能性。最后，它将提供一个面向公众的互动工具，5）培训互联网用户识别和改善他们自己的在线报复取向; 6）通过一组强大的在线骚扰案例研究，为高中和大学生提供教育内容，以学习计算领域的理论，方法和机会。这项研究采用了一种新颖的和潜在的变革性的愿景，利用司法的基本原则，包括公平，透明度，比例和赔偿，到网上互动。这可能比现有模型更有效，因为它不依赖于为任何给定用户制定后果的能力。该项目解决了许多概念和技术上的挑战，包括如何制定公平的过程和相称的结果，以应对在线骚扰。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

This award investigates how theories and models of justice can be designed into online systems for people and technology to more effectively and productively respond to online harassment. It develops approaches to respond to online harassment in ways that promote perceptions of fairness of process and outcome and reduce likelihood of future harassment by both the offender and the community. This research will provide Internet users with theoretically-informed strategies for responding to online offenses. It will also provide technology companies and policymakers with guidelines for promoting civility and inclusivity online. It will translate research results to the public through a web-based resource for Internet users and will produce a toolbox of educational resources that exposes students to the theories, methods, and open questions surrounding online harassment - a widespread and socially relevant problem in computing that has not been solved by existing systems. Currently, automated approaches such as keyword detection are plagued by errors that have counter-productive results, while social practices such as reporting demand exhaustive labor from victims. Both approaches rely on a model of criminal justice that seeks to identify and punish offenders for their offenses; however, this model breaks down in online environments where harassers can hide behind anonymous identities and lagging legal systems.The work will first 1) audit existing site policies and practices for responding to online harassment and map those to theories of justice; and 2) investigate how Internet users assess and respond to harassment based on characteristics of the site, offender, post, and community. Then, it will propose and evaluate interventions that 3) promote perceptions of fairness in process and outcome in response to harassment; and 4) reduce likelihood of future harassment. Finally, it will provide a public-facing interactive tool that 5) trains Internet users to identify and improve their own orientations toward retribution online; and 6) provides educational content for high school and college students to learn theories, methods, and opportunities in the field of computing through a robust set of case studies in online harassment. This research employs a novel and potentially transformative vision for leveraging fundamental principles of justice, including fairness, transparency, proportionality, and reparation, into online interactions. This may be more effective than existing models because it is not as dependent on the ability to enact consequences for any given user. This project addresses numerous conceptual and technical challenges, including how to enact fair processes and proportionate outcomes in responses to online harassment.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.