Collaborative Research: Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets (CLOUD) Consortium Membership

合作研究：宇宙留下户外水滴（云）联盟成员

• 批准号: 1801329
• 负责人: Richard Flagan
• 金额: $ 28.25万
• 依托单位: California Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-06-01 至 2023-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1801329&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Cosmics; Leaving; OUtdoor

This project supports the continued membership in the CLOUD consortium at CERN, by Carnegie-Mellon University and the California Institute of Technology, and provides new membership for the University of Colorado at Boulder. The CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets) experimental facility is likely the world's most sophisticated experiment addressing atmospheric new-particle formation. It was constructed to measure new particle formation under highly controlled, ultra-clean conditions.CLOUD is an international member-funded consortium supporting the maintenance and operation of the experiment. Members raise research funding from their national agencies to participate. Experiments are conducted at CERN during 1-2 carefully planned campaigns per year, each lasting 8-10 weeks. These campaigns are planned, and data are assessed, during two major week-long consortium meetings each year, while more focused, intensive data analysis is carried out at all times by individuals, but also in several focused team meetings scheduled and hosted on an ad-hoc basis during the course of each year as analysis and interpretation require. Virtual team meetings via skype and other media are ongoing and continuous.In addition to providing the required consortium fee, this project will support shipping and travel to CLOUD experimental campaigns and associated consortium meetings and data workshops. The doctoral and postdoctoral students associated with the project will be integrated into an international collaborative network of students and senior researchers who are among the most highly regarded in aerosol science and atmospheric chemistry. They will receive invaluable training in the conduct of international collaborative research.The subject of the CLOUD experiments is of high national and international interest. Aerosol-cloud interactions are among the largest sources of uncertainty in the understanding of climate forcing and climate sensitivity. CLOUD experiments confirm that ions can stabilize nucleating clusters, and that, for otherwise weakly bound clusters (such as ammonia sulfuric acid, organics with sulfuric acid, and pure organics), ions can enhance nucleation rates by factors of 3-100 depending on conditions. During the period of this project, three campaigns, CLOUD-13, CLOUD-14, and CLOUD-15, are planned. The campaigns will focus on the following broad topics: the role of organic oxidation chemistry in new-particle formation and growth; new-particle formation in urban areas; new-particle formation in the marine atmosphere; and the role, if any, of charge in cloud-droplet formation and ice-crystal nucleation.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目支持卡内基梅隆大学和加州理工学院继续成为 CERN 云联盟的成员资格，并为科罗拉多大学博尔德分校提供新的成员资格。 云（宇宙留下户外液滴）实验设施可能是世界上解决大气新粒子形成问题的最复杂的实验。 它的构建是为了在高度受控的超洁净条件下测量新颗粒的形成。CLOUD 是一个由国际成员资助的联盟，支持该实验的维护和运行。 成员从其国家机构筹集研究经费来参与。 CERN 每年都会在 1-2 次精心策划的活动中进行实验，每次持续 8-10 周。这些活动是在每年两次为期一周的大型联盟会议上进行规划和数据评估的，而更有针对性、更深入的数据分析则由个人随时进行，而且根据分析和解释的需要，也在每年期间临时安排和主持的几次重点团队会议中进行。通过 Skype 和其他媒体进行的虚拟团队会议正在持续进行中。除了提供所需的联盟费用外，该项目还将支持云实验活动以及相关联盟会议和数据研讨会的运输和旅行。与该项目相关的博士生和博士后学生将融入由学生和高级研究人员组成的国际合作网络，他们是气溶胶科学和大气化学领域最受尊敬的人。他们将接受进行国际合作研究的宝贵培训。云实验的主题引起了国家和国际的高度关注。气溶胶-云相互作用是理解气候强迫和气候敏感性的最大不确定性来源之一。云实验证实，离子可以稳定成核团簇，并且对于其他弱结合团簇（例如氨硫酸、含硫酸的有机物和纯有机物），离子可以根据条件将成核速率提高 3-100 倍。 在此项目期间，计划开展三个活动：CLOUD-13、CLOUD-14 和 CLOUD-15。 这些活动将重点关注以下广泛主题：有机氧化化学在新颗粒形成和生长中的作用；城市地区新颗粒的形成；海洋大气中新粒子的形成；以及在云滴形成和冰晶成核中的作用（如果有的话）。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Molecular Composition and Volatility of Nucleated Particles from α-Pinene Oxidation between −50 °C and +25 °C

α-蒎烯氧化成核颗粒在 50 °C 至 25 °C 温度下的分子组成和挥发性

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b03265
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
• 影响因子: 11.4
• 作者: Ye, Qing;Wang, Mingyi;Hofbauer, Victoria;Stolzenburg, Dominik;Chen, Dexian;Schervish, Meredith;Vogel, Alexander;Mauldin, Roy L.;Baalbaki, Rima;Brilke, Sophia
• 通讯作者: Brilke, Sophia

Rapid growth of new atmospheric particles by nitric acid and ammonia condensation

• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2270-4
• 发表时间: 2020-05-01
• 期刊: NATURE
• 影响因子: 64.8
• 作者: Wang, Mingyi;Kong, Weimeng;Donahue, Neil M.
• 通讯作者: Donahue, Neil M.

Determination of the collision rate coefficient between charged iodic acid clusters and iodic acid using the appearance time method

• DOI: 10.1080/02786826.2020.1839013
• 发表时间: 2020-11-11
• 期刊: AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: He, Xu-Cheng;Iyer, Siddharth;Kulmala, Markku
• 通讯作者: Kulmala, Markku

Enhanced growth rate of atmospheric particles from sulfuric acid

• DOI: 10.5194/acp-20-7359-2020
• 发表时间: 2020-06-25
• 期刊: ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
• 影响因子: 6.3
• 作者: Stolzenburg, Dominik;Simon, Mario;Winkler, Paul M.
• 通讯作者: Winkler, Paul M.

Role of iodine oxoacids in atmospheric aerosol nucleation

• DOI: 10.1126/science.abe0298
• 发表时间: 2021-02-05
• 期刊: SCIENCE
• 影响因子: 56.9
• 作者: He, Xu-Cheng;Tham, Yee Jun;Sipila, Mikko
• 通讯作者: Sipila, Mikko