Collaborative Research: Seasonal climate change over the last two millennia from archaeological sources in the subtropical eastern North Atlantic region

合作研究：来自北大西洋亚热带东部地区考古资料的过去两千年的季节性气候变化

• 批准号: 1802153
• 负责人: Joshua Miller
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: University of Cincinnati Main Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-15 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1802153&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Seasonal; climate; change

How has the seasonal range in sea surface temperature (SST) changed over the last two millennia along subtropical coasts that are inherently sensitive to human and climate impacts? Seasonally-resolved records of preindustrial climate in subtropical coastal settings are few but critical to understanding impacts on humans and ecosystems. The goal of this research is to reconstruct summer and winter SST during four warm vs. cold climate intervals from the last two millennia. This will be achieved using paleoclimate proxies (indirect measures of SST) preserved in shells from archaeological deposits accumulated by aboriginal people in the Canary Islands. Outcomes will advance knowledge of human-climate interactions, such as the long-term effects of climate variability on prehistoric human subsistence patterns and behavior in ecologically sensitive habitats. This project will train students from high school to PhD level, targeting undergraduate students from low-income households, first-generation college students, and members of under-represented ethnic groups, using established programs including McNair Scholars, Women in Science and Engineering, and Upward Bound Programs. Through the UNC Baccalaureate Education in Science & Teaching program, future high-school earth science teachers will perform research that will generate laboratory curricula for K-12 science courses. This project fosters international and multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists from the US and Spain. Results will be disseminated to both specialists and the general public in both English and Spanish, which will engage a diverse audience in the US and elsewhere. Using oxygen isotope (delta18O) time-series of radiocarbon-dated archaeological Patella candei (Mollusca: Gastropoda) shells from the Canary Islands, several critical abrupt multi-centennial warming and cooling transitions (Roman Warm Period, Vandal Minimum or Dark Ages Cool Period, Medieval Climate Anomaly, and Little Ice Age) will be examined and compared to the late 20th century. The main goals are to: (1) calibrate and validate oxygen isotope sclerochronology (shell growth patterns) of living specimens of P. candei with instrument records as credible repositories of seasonal SST; and (2) reconstruct SST profiles from radiocarbon-dated archaeological shells during important abrupt climate intervals over the last two millennia relevant to our rapidly warming world. Results from this investigation will be then used to explore temporal variations of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), which is a key feature of atmospheric variability in the North Atlantic and mainly operates during the winter. The geographic location offers a unique opportunity to examine the NAO phase and its shifts in the subtropical fronts during preindustrial warming and cooling climate episodes.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在过去两千年里，对人类和气候影响非常敏感的亚热带海岸的海表面温度(SST)的季节变化范围是如何变化的？亚热带沿海地区工业化前气候的季节性记录很少，但对于了解对人类和生态系统的影响至关重要。这项研究的目标是重建过去两千年以来四个冷暖气候时段的夏季和冬季海温。这将使用保存在贝壳中的古气候指标(SST的间接测量)实现，这些贝壳来自加那利群岛土著人民积累的考古沉积物。成果将促进对人类-气候相互作用的了解，例如气候变化对史前人类生存模式和生态敏感栖息地行为的长期影响。该项目将培养从高中到博士水平的学生，目标是来自低收入家庭的本科生、第一代大学生和代表不足的民族成员，利用包括麦克奈尔学者、科学和工程女性以及向上跳跃计划在内的现有计划。通过北卡罗来纳大学科学与教学学士学位教育计划，未来的高中地球科学教师将进行研究，以产生K-12科学课程的实验室课程。该项目促进了美国和西班牙科学家之间的国际和多学科合作。结果将以英语和西班牙语向专家和普通公众传播，这将吸引美国和其他地方的不同受众。利用来自加那利群岛的考古贝壳的放射性碳年代测定的氧同位素(Delta18O)时间序列，将研究几个关键的百年突然变暖和降温转变(罗马暖期、汪达尔最低或黑暗时代冷期、中世纪气候异常和小冰期)，并与20世纪末进行比较。主要目标是：(1)利用仪器记录作为季节性SST的可靠储存库，校准和验证加拿大P.candei活标本的氧同位素年代学(贝壳生长模式)；以及(2)从与我们迅速变暖的世界相关的过去两千年重要的突然气候间隔期间，从放射性碳测年的考古贝壳中重建SST剖面。这项调查的结果将被用来探索北大西洋涛动(NAO)的时间变化，这是北大西洋大气变化的一个关键特征，主要在冬季运行。地理位置提供了一个独特的机会来研究NAO阶段及其在工业化前变暖和降温气候事件期间在副热带锋面的变化。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Scale of time-averaging in archaeological shell middens from the Canary Islands

加那利群岛考古贝丘的时间平均尺度

• DOI: 10.1177/0959683619883020
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: The Holocene
• 作者: Parker, Wesley G;Yanes, Yurena;Mesa Hernández, Eduardo;Hernández Marrero, Juan Carlos;Pais, Jorge;Surge, Donna
• 通讯作者: Surge, Donna

Oceanic cooling recorded in shells spanning the Medieval Climate Anomaly in the subtropical eastern North Atlantic Ocean

• DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106635
• 发表时间: 2020-12
• 期刊: Quaternary Science Reviews
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: W. Parker;Y. Yanes;Eduardo Mesa Hernández;D. Surge

Shellfish Exploitation in the Western Canary Islands Over the Last Two Millennia

过去两千年来加那利群岛西部的贝类开发

• DOI: 10.1080/14614103.2018.1497821
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Environmental Archaeology
• 影响因子: 1.5
• 作者: Parker, Wesley;Yanes, Yurena;Mesa Hernández, Eduardo;Hernández Marrero, Juan Carlos;Pais, Jorge;Soto Contreras, Nora;Surge, Donna
• 通讯作者: Surge, Donna