Collaborative Proposal: MSB-FRA: Scaling Climate, Connectivity and Communities in Streams

合作提案：MSB-FRA：扩展河流中的气候、连通性和社区

• 批准号: 1802766
• 负责人: Michael Bogan
• 金额: $ 37.52万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-01-01 至 2024-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1802766&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Proposal; MSB; FRA; Scaling

Half of the Earth's streams are intermittent: they occasionally dry or stop flowing. Since the 1980s, researchers who study streams have developed theories about how stream ecosystems work. Each theory is different, but they all focus on a single physical aspect of streams that is thought to best explain how stream ecosystem structure and function vary from one place to another. Physical factors that have been considered include stream size, floods, and climate. However, the body of work informing the development of these theories, and the body of work supporting them, is based on research from streams that flow continuously, or "perennial streams." Given that half of the Earth's streams are intermittent, there is a need to develop a new theory for streams that explains how drying acts as a control on stream ecosystem structure and function, how intermittent and perennial streams are different, and how those differences vary from region to region. This project uses macrosystems ecology as a foundation to develop and test such a theory that can be applied to all the Earth's streams. A smartphone app will map wet and dry stream reaches in conjunction with international research partners (1000 Intermittent Rivers Project), and citizen science organizers, and educational partners to create new teaching tools. The research may help inform decisions on water use where streams and intermittent and human populations are increasing. Seven graduate student will be included on the diverse research team. This research project is comprised of three components. The first is a three-year field study of intermittent and continuously flowing streams in 10 different regions across the southern, central, and western US led by researchers at five different US universities that will collect streamflow and biological data. The field study will be focused on investigating how macroinvertebrate communities in intermittent and perennial streams differ in species composition and abundance, and how these differences vary according to climate. In 9 of the 10 regions, the researchers will use National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) collected data, and sampling will follow NEON sampling protocols to generate NEON-compatible data. The second component will develop fine-scale hydrological models of the study watersheds using the Coupled Routing and Excess STorage (CREST) model. These models will predict where and when streams dry in these watersheds, and researchers will model streamflow patterns under different scenarios related to sea surface temperature oscillations and other changes. The third component of the project will generate spatial models that integrate the empirically collected ecological data in the field with the hydrological model outputs. This part of the project will investigate how large-scale climate oscillations (e.g. El Nino Southern Oscillation) influence regional drying patterns differently, and how shifts in spatial drying patterns influence stream ecosystems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

地球上一半的溪流是断断续续的：它们偶尔会干涸或停止流动。自20世纪80年代以来，研究河流的研究人员发展了关于河流生态系统如何工作的理论。每种理论都是不同的，但它们都专注于溪流的单一物理方面，这被认为是最好地解释溪流生态系统结构和功能如何从一个地方到另一个地方的变化。考虑的物理因素包括河流大小、洪水和气候。然而，为这些理论的发展提供信息的工作主体，以及支持它们的工作主体，是基于源源不断的溪流或“常年溪流”的研究。鉴于地球上一半的溪流是间歇性的，有必要开发一种新的溪流理论，解释干旱如何对河流生态系统的结构和功能起到控制作用，间歇性溪流和常年溪流有何不同，以及这些差异如何因地区而异。这个项目以大系统生态学为基础，开发和测试这样一个理论，它可以应用于地球上的所有河流。一款智能手机应用程序将与国际研究伙伴(1000条间歇性河流项目)、公民科学组织者和教育合作伙伴一起绘制干湿河段地图，以创建新的教学工具。这项研究可能有助于为溪流、间歇性和人类人口增加的地方的用水决策提供参考。七名研究生将加入多元化的研究团队。这项研究项目由三个部分组成。第一项是为期三年的实地研究，对美国南部、中部和西部10个不同地区的断断续续流动的溪流进行研究，由美国5所不同大学的研究人员牵头，收集溪流和生物数据。实地研究的重点将是调查间歇性和常年性溪流中的大型无脊椎动物群落在物种组成和丰度方面的差异，以及这些差异如何随气候变化而变化。在10个地区中的9个地区，研究人员将使用国家生态观测网络(NEON)收集的数据，采样将遵循霓虹灯采样协议，以生成与霓虹灯兼容的数据。第二个组成部分将利用径流和过量蓄水耦合(CREST)模型开发研究流域的精细水文模型。这些模型将预测这些流域的溪流何时何地枯竭，研究人员将对与海洋表面温度振荡和其他变化相关的不同情景下的溪流模式进行建模。该项目的第三个组成部分将生成空间模型，将实地经验收集的生态数据与水文模型输出相结合。该项目的这一部分将调查大范围气候振荡(如厄尔尼诺南方涛动)如何以不同方式影响区域干旱模式，以及空间干旱模式的变化如何影响河流生态系统。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Effects of stream drying, season, and distance to refuge on macroinvertebrate community structure in an arid intermittent stream basin

河流干燥、季节和避难所距离对干旱间歇性河流盆地大型无脊椎动物群落结构的影响

• DOI: 10.1002/eco.2598
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Ecohydrology
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: Hollien, Kelsey D.;Gill, Brian A.;Eppehimer, Drew E.;Bogan, Michael T.
• 通讯作者: Bogan, Michael T.

Effects of drying and orientation to perennial refuges on aquatic biodiversity across two basins differing in aridity

干燥和常年避难所的方向对两个不同干旱流域水生生物多样性的影响

• DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4071
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Ecosphere
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Gill, Brian A.;Sanabria, Anthony;Gonzales, Miranda;Carlson, Stephanie M.;Bogan, Michael T.
• 通讯作者: Bogan, Michael T.