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Including Ecosystems in Process Design and Life Cycle Assessment for Environmental Sustainability and Innovation

将生态系统纳入流程设计和生命周期评估，以实现环境可持续性和创新

基本信息

批准号：
1804943
负责人：
Bhavik Bakshi
金额：
$ 36万
依托单位：
Ohio State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-08-01 至 2024-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1804943&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Including Ecosystems Process Design Life

项目摘要

Even though all human activities require goods and services from nature for their sustenance, conventional engineering has kept ecosystems outside its decision boundary. Ignoring or undervaluing these critical ecosystem goods and services (ES) has resulted in their over use and degradation, and can also mean lost opportunities for innovation and environmental sustainability. Recent efforts are accounting for the role of ecosystems in supporting human activities and are demonstrating the many economic, environmental and societal benefits of including nature in human decisions. Such advances related to engineering design and life cycle assessment have been demonstrated through case studies, but rigorous methods are needed for systematic inclusion of ecosystems in engineering decisions. This work will advance the framework of Techno-Ecological Synergy (TES), with specific focus on developing methods for, 1) integrated design of chemical processes and ecosystems on and around manufacturing sites while accounting for their temporal and spatial variation, 2) including ecosystem services in life cycle assessment (LCA) by means of a rigorous mathematical framework, 3) education and outreach activities to improve knowledge about ecosystem services among students and practitioners.Local TES design at a manufacturing site will be formulated as a multi-objective optimization problem that accounts for spatial and temporal variation of these systems such as the intermittent availability of many ecosystem services versus the continuous demand for these services from human activities. The mathematical framework for ES in LCA will explicitly include ecosystems in LCA along with their synergies and trade-offs in providing ES, and their interaction with technological systems. It will enable calculation ofsustainability metrics by comparing the demand and supply of ES at multiple spatial scales. This work will be in collaboration with an expert in ecosystem services, and will be applied to problems of interest to industry sustainability.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

尽管所有人类活动都需要大自然的商品和服务来维持，但传统的工程学将生态系统置于其决策边界之外。忽视或低估这些关键的生态系统产品和服务，导致其过度使用和退化，也可能意味着失去创新和环境可持续性的机会。最近的努力正在说明生态系统在支持人类活动方面的作用，并正在展示将自然纳入人类决策的许多经济、环境和社会效益。这些进展与工程设计和生命周期评估已通过案例研究得到证明，但需要严格的方法，系统地纳入生态系统的工程决策。这项工作将推进技术生态协同框架，特别侧重于开发以下方法：1）综合设计制造场地及其周围的化学工艺和生态系统，同时考虑其时间和空间变化，2）通过严格的数学框架将生态系统服务纳入生命周期评估，3）开展教育和外展活动，提高学生和从业人员对生态系统服务的认识。一个目标优化问题，考虑这些系统的空间和时间变化，如许多系统的间歇性可用性生态系统服务与人类活动对这些服务的持续需求。生态系统在生命周期评价中的数学框架将明确包括生命周期评价中的生态系统，沿着它们在提供生态系统方面的协同作用和权衡，以及它们与技术系统的相互作用。它将使计算ofsustainability指标比较需求和供应的ES在多个空间尺度。这项工作将与生态系统服务专家合作，并将应用于对行业可持续性感兴趣的问题。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。