Analysis to evaluate and improve model performance in the Central Arctic: Unique perspectives from autonomous platforms during MOSAiC

评估和改进北极中部模型性能的分析：MOSAiC 期间自主平台的独特视角

• 批准号: 1805569
• 负责人: Gijs de Boer
• 金额: $ 167.37万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-10-01 至 2025-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1805569&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Analysis; evaluate; improve; model; performance

This study will use an emerging technology, unmanned aircraft systems, to collect measurements with the goal of improving weather and climate models of the Arctic system. It is part of the international MOSAiC (Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate) program, an extensive field effort to freeze an icebreaker into sea ice for an entire year to serve as a research platform for a comprehensive study of the atmosphere, ocean and ice system in the high Arctic. The unique and potentially transformative aspect of this project is that unmanned aircraft collect data at small spatial and temporal scales, providing new information about variability in temperature, humidity, and winds. In addition, direct measurements of these variables over breaks in the sea ice have been very limited to date. Therefore, this study will address a significant source of error in our current ability to forecast how energy is transferred between the atmosphere and underlying ice and sea surface. Together with information from collaborating scientists participating in the MOSAiC field effort, the investigators will evaluate a series of hypotheses related to the performance of model simulations of key processes over the central Arctic Ocean. The investigators will also give pubic lectures at schools and other venues, capitalizing on interest and excitement in use of new technology though use of videos and photos of the unmanned aircraft systems. They will support training for early career scientists by involving graduate students and postdoctoral scientists.The investigators will deploy an unmanned aircraft system to measure atmospheric temperature, winds, and humidity, as well as surface albedo. Flights will take place from mid-winter (February) through late summer (August) to capture variable conditions in both the atmosphere and sea ice surface and will include routine profiling of the lower atmosphere, spatial mapping of thermodynamic quantities and surface albedo, and mapping of the lower atmospheric structure over leads. This data will be evaluated with measurements of the atmosphere, ocean and ice collected by other scientists as part of the MOSAiC (Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate) project to address hypotheses related to the performance of modeling tools in simulating key processes over the central Arctic Ocean. These include questions about sub-grid scale variability of atmospheric and surface parameters and its influence on model-simulated surface energy budget; the influence of leads in the sea ice on energy transfer from the ocean to the atmosphere and how models represent this transfer; and the importance of vertical resolution in simulation of the Arctic atmosphere and its impact on the simulation of clouds and the surface energy budget. The investigators will compare observations from unmanned aerial systems to a variety of simulations, ranging from global products to fully-coupled regional simulations completed using the Regional Arctic System Model (RASM) to detailed single-column and 2D modeling at high resolution.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项研究将使用一种新兴技术，即无人驾驶飞机系统，收集测量数据，以改善北极系统的天气和气候模型。它是国际MOSAiC（北极气候研究多学科漂流观测站）计划的一部分，该计划是一项广泛的实地工作，将破冰船冻结在海冰中整整一年，作为北极高纬度地区大气，海洋和冰系统综合研究的研究平台。该项目的独特和潜在的变革方面是无人驾驶飞机在小的空间和时间尺度上收集数据，提供有关温度，湿度和风的变化的新信息。此外，迄今为止，对海冰破裂处这些变量的直接测量非常有限。因此，这项研究将解决我们目前预测能量如何在大气与底层冰和海面之间转移的能力中的一个重要误差来源。结合参与MOSAiC实地工作的合作科学家提供的信息，研究人员将评估与北冰洋中部关键过程模型模拟性能相关的一系列假设。调查人员还将在学校和其他场所举行公开讲座，通过使用无人驾驶飞机系统的视频和照片，利用人们对新技术的兴趣和兴奋。他们将通过研究生和博士后科学家的参与来支持对早期职业科学家的培训。调查人员将部署一个无人驾驶飞机系统来测量大气温度、风和湿度，以及地表温度。飞行将从仲冬（2月）至夏末（8月）进行，以捕捉大气和海冰表面的变化条件，并将包括低层大气的常规剖面，热力学量和表面温度的空间映射，以及引线上低层大气结构的映射。这些数据将与其他科学家收集的大气、海洋和冰的测量结果一起进行评估，作为MOSAiC（北极气候研究多学科漂流观测站）项目的一部分，以解决与模拟工具在模拟北冰洋中部关键过程中的性能有关的假设。这些问题包括：大气和地表参数的次网格尺度变化及其对模式模拟的地表能量收支的影响;海冰中的铅对从海洋到大气的能量转移的影响以及模式如何表示这种转移;垂直分辨率在模拟北极大气中的重要性及其对模拟云和地表能量收支的影响。研究人员将把来自无人机系统的观测结果与各种模拟结果进行比较，从全球产品到使用区域北极系统模型（RASM）完成的完全耦合区域模拟，再到详细的高分辨率单柱和二维建模。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

DataHawk2 Uncrewed Aircraft System data from the Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) campaign, A1 level

DataHawk2 无人驾驶飞机系统数据来自北极气候研究多学科漂流观测站 (MOSAiC) 活动，A1 级

• DOI: 10.18739/a22z12q8x
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: NSF Arctic Data Center
• 作者: Jozef, Gina;de Boer, Gijs;Cassano, John;Calmer, Radiance;Hamilton, Jonathan;Lawrence, Dale;Borenstein, Steve;Doddi, Abhiram;Schmale, Julia;Preußer, Andreas
• 通讯作者: Preußer, Andreas

Testing the efficacy of atmospheric boundary layer height detection algorithms using uncrewed aircraft system data from MOSAiC

使用 MOSAiC 的无人驾驶飞机系统数据测试大气边界层高度检测算法的有效性

• DOI: 10.5194/amt-15-4001-2022
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Jozef, Gina;Cassano, John;Dahlke, Sandro;de Boer, Gijs
• 通讯作者: de Boer, Gijs

Overview of the MOSAiC expedition: Snow and sea ice

• DOI: 10.1525/elementa.2021.000046
• 发表时间: 2022-02-07
• 期刊: ELEMENTA-SCIENCE OF THE ANTHROPOCENE
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Nicolaus, Marcel;Perovich, Donald K.;Wendisch, Manfred
• 通讯作者: Wendisch, Manfred

Estimating turbulent energy flux vertical profiles from uncrewed aircraft system measurements: exemplary results for the MOSAiC campaign

• DOI: 10.5194/amt-16-2297-2023
• 发表时间: 2023-05-02
• 期刊: ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Egerer, Ulrike;Cassano, John J.;Lonardi, Michael
• 通讯作者: Lonardi, Michael

Relationships between summertime surface albedo and melt pond fraction in the central Arctic Ocean: The aggregate scale of albedo obtained on the MOSAiC floe

• DOI: 10.1525/elementa.2023.00001
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Elem Sci Anth
• 作者: R. Calmer;G. de Boer;Jonathan Hamilton;Dale A. Lawrence;M. Webster;N. Wright;M. Shupe;C. Cox;J. Cassano