Viscous constraints on zooplankton approach and interaction

浮游动物接近和相互作用的粘性约束

• 批准号: 1805847
• 负责人: Henry Fu
• 金额: $ 33.81万
• 依托单位: University of Utah
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-15 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1805847&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Viscous; constraints; zooplankton; approach; interaction

Organisms that swim in water need to approach suspended particles for a variety of life processes, such as feeding, mating, fertilization, and finding favorable habitats. This research focuses on plankton, which despite their small size play an outsize role in ocean ecology due to their numerical abundance. For example, phytoplankton provide the base of the food web by converting sunlight into organic matter, which is transferred further up to the food chain, primarily by zooplankton which eat the phytoplankton. Hydrodynamics at the micro- to millimeter scales of zooplankton is dominated by viscosity, and severely constrains their ability to approach other particles. Attempts to approach smaller food particles are made difficult by viscous flows that tend to push the food particle away. However, zooplankton also approach similar size particles during mating, as well as larger particles during egg fertilization or when exploring new habitats. The goal of the research is to understand what general constraints viscous hydrodynamics place on the approach of plankton to suspended particles and how those constraints determine biological form and function. The results will increase our understanding of how plankton eat, reproduce, and spread to new habitats. The project will also enhance engineering education through graduate and undergraduate research training, and an outreach program will communicate our research results to local high school students. While the way that viscous hydrodynamics constrains propulsion and the form of swimming mechanisms of microorganisms is well appreciated, this research extends our understanding of the implications of viscous hydrodynamics to include constraints on approach which is as or more important than swimming for many life processes. To deduce how hydrodynamic constraints on approach determine biological form and behavior, the research uses numerical studies, flow visualization, and dynamically scaled experiments to investigate a range of swimmer geometries, propulsion methods, target particle sizes, and approach strategies to identify which enable close approach in the presence of viscous constraints. The results will be used to analyze observations of approach of various types of organisms reported in the literature to understand when viscous constraints determine the biological form of those organisms.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在水中游泳的生物需要接近悬浮颗粒，以进行各种生命过程，如觅食、交配、受精和寻找有利的栖息地。这项研究的重点是浮游生物，尽管它们的体积很小，但由于数量丰富，它们在海洋生态中扮演着巨大的角色。例如，浮游植物通过将阳光转化为有机物来提供食物网的基础，有机物被进一步转移到食物链的上游，主要是通过以浮游植物为食的浮游动物。浮游动物在微米到毫米尺度上的流体动力学受粘度的支配，严重限制了它们接近其他颗粒的能力。由于粘性流动往往会将食物颗粒推开，因此尝试接近较小的食物颗粒变得困难。然而，浮游动物在交配过程中也会接近类似大小的颗粒，在卵子受精或探索新栖息地时也会接近更大的颗粒。这项研究的目的是了解粘性流体动力学对浮游生物接近悬浮颗粒的一般限制，以及这些限制如何决定生物的形式和功能。这一结果将增加我们对浮游生物如何进食、繁殖和传播到新栖息地的理解。该项目还将通过研究生和本科生的研究培训来加强工程教育，一个外展计划将把我们的研究成果传达给当地的高中生。虽然粘性流体动力学约束推进的方式和微生物游泳机制的形式得到了很好的理解，但这项研究扩展了我们对粘性流体力学含义的理解，包括对许多生命过程中与游泳同样重要或更重要的方法的限制。为了推断进场的水动力约束如何决定生物形态和行为，该研究使用数值研究、流动可视化和动态缩放实验来研究一系列游泳者的几何形状、推进方法、目标颗粒尺寸和进场策略，以确定在存在粘性约束的情况下哪些能够实现近距离进场。结果将被用来分析文献中报告的各种类型生物的观察结果，以了解粘性约束何时决定这些生物的生物形式。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Stability of Soft Magnetic Helical Microrobots

• DOI: 10.3390/fluids5010019
• 发表时间: 2020-02
• 期刊: Fluids
• 影响因子: 1.9
• 作者: Kiarash Samsami;S. Mirbagheri;F. Meshkati;H. Fu

Saturation and coercivity limit the velocity of rotating active magnetic microparticles

饱和度和矫顽力限制了旋转活性磁性微粒的速度

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevfluids.5.064202
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Physical Review Fluids
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Samsami, Kiarash;Mirbagheri, Seyed Amir;Meshkati, Farshad;Fu, Henry Chien
• 通讯作者: Fu, Henry Chien

A numerical method for inextensible elastic filaments in viscous fluids

粘性流体中不可伸长弹性丝的数值计算方法

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jcp.2020.109643
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of Computational Physics
• 影响因子: 4.1
• 作者: Jabbarzadeh, Mehdi;Fu, Henry C.
• 通讯作者: Fu, Henry C.

Can the mechanoreceptional setae of a feeding‐current feeding copepod detect hydrodynamic disturbance induced by entrained free‐floating prey?

正在进食的桡足类的机械感受刚毛能否检测到由夹带的自由漂浮猎物引起的水动力干扰？

• DOI: 10.1002/lno.11945
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Limnology and Oceanography
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: Shen, Xinhui;Yao, Xin;Marcos;Fu, Henry C.
• 通讯作者: Fu, Henry C.

Modeling creeping flows in porous media using regularized Stokeslets

使用正则化 Stokeslet 模拟多孔介质中的蠕变流

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevfluids.7.104102
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Physical Review Fluids
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Kamarapu, Suraj Kumar;Jabbarzadeh, Mehdi;Fu, Henry Chien
• 通讯作者: Fu, Henry Chien