Rapid Response Research: The political and moral economies of recovery from Hurricanes Irma and Maria in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands.

快速反应研究：波多黎各和美属维尔京群岛飓风艾尔玛和玛丽亚恢复的政治和道德经济。

• 批准号: 1806303
• 负责人: David Griffith
• 金额: $ 3.6万
• 依托单位: East Carolina University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1806303&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Rapid; Response; Research; political; moral

Natural disasters challenge human communities in multiple ways that go well beyond the obvious problems associated with large scale destruction of property and loss of life, some of them subtle but no less important for building sustainability, reducing vulnerability, enabling families to survive and reproduce, and decreasing dependence on external economic assistance. By destroying power grids, communication and transportation infrastructure, hospitals, water and sewer systems, and other public and private resources, Hurricanes Irma and Maria left the peoples of the U.S. Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico heavily dependent on external aid. This project explores a set of economic behaviors emerging in the U.S. Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico following Hurricanes Irma and Maria, with the aim of improving scientific understandings of creative resilience, and identifying the principal sources of extreme vulnerability. Findings will be disseminated to organizations that explore and manage the causes, consequences, and complexities of disaster management and recovery. Funding this research also trains researchers from underrepresented groups in social science research. Findings from this have the potential to establish patterns for how people develop new economic organizational principles in the wake of catastrophe that are more sustainable than the current methods of continued debt and debt service that has plagued Puerto Rico.This RAPID award supports the collection of critical but ephemeral data in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. A team of researchers led by Dr. David Griffith of East Carolina University will explore the relationship between local moral economics, vulnerability, and resilience in post-disaster recovery zones. Observational, transect walk, and comparative photographic methods will take place across five impacted communities, and a stratified (by socio-economic, educational, and other variables) sample of individuals will be interviewed, with the objective of documenting variations and similarities in labor arrangements, common facility, land, and resource use, distribution patterns, and marketing and exchange locales. how perceptions vary, how they develop over time, and how they affect the eventual mitigation and prevention plans that are produced. The research will produce a baseline for future research on vulnerability and resilience in the wake of anthropogenic disasters. Research has established that moral economies tend to emerge in response to recession, depression, austerity programs, and economies disrupted from war, environmental degradation, and natural disaster. Such systems are often critical for long-term resilience. Research conducted on the social and natural sources of vulnerability following Hurricane Mitch, for example, established that vulnerability could be linked to a social system that had encouraged deforestation and other environmentally degrading economic practices. The project will enable us to understand what variance there is with respect to the efficacy of these economic behaviors in mitigating vulnerability and improving resilience.

自然灾害以多种方式挑战人类社会，远远超出了与大规模财产破坏和生命损失有关的明显问题，其中一些问题虽然微妙，但对于建立可持续性、减少脆弱性、使家庭能够生存和繁衍以及减少对外部经济援助的依赖性来说同样重要。飓风厄玛和玛丽亚摧毁了电网、通信和交通基础设施、医院、供水和下水道系统以及其他公共和私人资源，使美属维尔京群岛和波多黎各人民严重依赖外部援助。该项目探讨了飓风伊尔玛和玛丽亚之后美属维尔京群岛和波多黎各出现的一系列经济行为，旨在提高对创造性复原力的科学理解，并确定极端脆弱性的主要来源。调查结果将分发给探索和管理灾害管理和恢复的原因、后果和复杂性的组织。资助这项研究还可以培训来自社会科学研究中代表性不足群体的研究人员。由此得出的结论有可能为人们在灾难发生后如何发展新的经济组织原则建立模式，这些原则比困扰波多黎各的持续债务和债务偿还的当前方法更具可持续性。这个RAPID奖支持在波多黎各和美属维尔京群岛收集关键但短暂的数据。由东卡罗莱纳大学的大卫格里菲斯博士领导的一个研究小组将探讨灾后恢复区当地道德经济学、脆弱性和复原力之间的关系。将在五个受影响的社区进行观察、样带行走和比较摄影方法，并对分层（按社会经济、教育和其他变量）的个人样本进行访谈，目的是记录劳动力安排、公共设施、土地和资源使用、分布模式以及营销和交易场所的差异和相似性。看法如何变化，它们如何随着时间的推移而发展，以及它们如何影响最终制定的缓解和预防计划。这项研究将为今后研究人为灾害后的脆弱性和复原力提供一个基线。研究表明，道德经济往往是在经济衰退、萧条、紧缩计划以及因战争、环境恶化和自然灾害而中断的经济体中出现的。这些系统往往对长期复原力至关重要。例如，在米奇飓风之后对脆弱性的社会和自然根源进行的研究表明，脆弱性可能与鼓励砍伐森林和其他有损环境的经济做法的社会制度有关。该项目将使我们能够了解这些经济行为在减轻脆弱性和提高复原力方面的功效存在哪些差异。