Flow Visualization Study of Quantum Hydrodynamics in Superfluid Helium-4

超流 Helium-4 中量子流体动力学的流动可视化研究

• 批准号: 1807291
• 负责人: Wei Guo
• 金额: $ 33.5万
• 依托单位: Florida State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-01 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1807291&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Flow; Visualization; Study; Quantum; Hydrodynamics

When liquid helium is cooled to about -271 degrees Celsius, it becomes an inviscid superfluid and can do things that other fluids cannot, such as seeping through ultra-thin cracks and climbing over container walls. The fascinating hydrodynamics of superfluid helium has many important scientific and engineering applications. For instance, it supports the most efficient heat-transport mechanism as a coolant material, and it also allows the generation of violent turbulent flows in compact laboratory equipment for model testing of airplanes and ships. However, the lack of quantitative flow measurement tools in this cold fluid has impeded progress in understanding and utilizing its hydrodynamics. In this project, the research team aims to elucidate the nature of emergent properties of various turbulent flows in superfluid helium by employing a newly developed molecular-tagging flow visualization technique. This research is expected to produce fundamental knowledge indispensable for better applications of superfluid helium. The research team is composed of graduate and undergraduate students. These students can gain experience in fluid dynamics, cryogenics, and advanced laser technologies. These skills give the students the technical dexterity necessary to excel in today's science- and technology-dominated market. In addition, the research team plans to conduct demonstrations involving superfluid helium in various educational and outreach programs at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory to introduce profound scientific concepts to the general public.The objective of the research work is to apply a newly developed molecular tagging velocimetry (MTV) technique to tackle outstanding problems in two forms of flows in superfluid helium: thermal counterflow that can be produced by an applied heat current and quasiclassical flow that can be generated via mechanical forcing. Preliminary study on counterflow in the principle investigator's lab has revealed a novel form of turbulence. Understanding this turbulence is now regarded as one of the most challenging problems in quantum turbulence research. Using the MTV technique, the research team plans to conduct systematic study on how the energy spectrum of the counterflow turbulence may vary with heat flux in a wide range of temperatures. This information can form the base for the development of a theoretical understanding of the intriguing counterflow turbulence. In the experiment on studying towed-grid generated quasiclassical turbulence, flow visualization is combined with second sound attenuation method for probing the motion of the two fluid components in superfluid helium. The research team plans to examine the two-fluid coupling model and measure emergent flow properties that cannot be reliably determined in the past. This work is expected to pave the way for various exciting applications of superfluid helium in future turbulence research.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

项目成果

Fully Coupled Two-Fluid Dynamics in Superfluid He4 : Anomalous Anisotropic Velocity Fluctuations in Counterflow

超流体 He4 中的完全耦合二流体动力学：逆流中的反常各向异性速度脉动

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.155301
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Physical Review Letters
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Yui, Satoshi;Kobayashi, Hiromichi;Tsubota, Makoto;Guo, Wei
• 通讯作者: Guo, Wei

Torque and Angular-Momentum Transfer in Merging Rotating Bose-Einstein Condensates

合并旋转玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚中的扭矩和角动量传递

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.105302
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Physical Review Letters
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Kanai, Toshiaki;Guo, Wei;Tsubota, Makoto;Jin, Dafei
• 通讯作者: Jin, Dafei

Superdiffusion of quantized vortices uncovering scaling laws in quantum turbulence

量子化涡旋的超扩散揭示了量子湍流中的标度定律

• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2021957118
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
• 作者: Tang, Yuan;Bao, Shiran;Guo, Wei
• 通讯作者: Guo, Wei

Molecular Tagging Velocimetry in Superfluid Helium-4: Progress, Issues, and Future Development

超流 Helium-4 中的分子标记测速：进展、问题和未来发展

• DOI: 10.1007/s10909-018-2102-1
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Journal of Low Temperature Physics
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Guo, Wei

Intermittency enhancement in quantum turbulence in superfluid He4

超流 He4 中量子湍流的间歇增强

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevfluids.3.094601
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Physical Review Fluids
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Varga, Emil;Gao, Jian;Guo, Wei;Skrbek, Ladislav
• 通讯作者: Skrbek, Ladislav