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Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Lead-Halide Perovskite-Based Active Terahertz Devices

混合有机-无机卤化铅钙钛矿基有源太赫兹器件

基本信息

批准号：
1810096
负责人：
Berardi Sensale-Rodriguez
金额：
$ 37.5万
依托单位：
University of Utah
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-08-15 至 2021-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1810096&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Hybrid Organic Inorganic Lead Halide

项目摘要

Non-technical:Silicon electronics face a technological bottleneck even as there is a need for devices that operate at ever increasing speeds. Terahertz (THz) technology is viewed as a potential solution to this problem as it will enable devices that operate at speeds of 100 GHz to 10,000 GHz, far faster than conventional electronics. The project will create active THz devices using a relatively new family of semiconductors, organic-inorganic hybrid lead halide perovskites. Perovskites have recently gained significant attention because of their potential for high-performance solar cells. The basic properties of perovskites that make them attractive for solar cells also make them appealing for THz applications. For example, the response of perovskites to light can be altered chemically by changing the halide group in the molecule. Perovskites are also easy to process. High quality thin films of perovskites can be readily deposited via a simple spin coating process that is routinely used in the semiconductor processing industry. Different perovskites with distinct optical and electronic properties can be easily deposited next to one another. In contrast, this is difficult to do with conventional inorganic semiconductors, such as silicon and gallium arsenide. This ease of fabrication allows for new device capabilities that are simply not possible when only one type of semiconductor is used. The PI will work to broaden participation in science education through experiences such as the Utah Science Olympiad. The PI will develop classes for high school teachers, involve undergraduate and high school students in research, and engage with first generation students in the Salt Lake Valley.Technical:The proposed work intends to develop a new class of terahertz (THz) devices based on organic-inorganic lead halide perovskites. These semiconductors, while well examined for photovoltaic applications, have been almost completely unexplored for THz applications. They are extremely attractive for THz applications because their optical properties can be chemically engineered with relative ease. Since they can be solution processed, multiple perovskites can be cast and delineated with extremely high precision in close proximity to one another, without any degradation to the material response. We intend to develop a unique fabrication technique that allows for patterning of these semiconductors with um-scale precision using a polymer delamination process that protects the deposited perovskite layers, while additional layers are deposited and defined. By doing so, we expect to create active THz devices that exhibit functionality that is not possible using only a single semiconductor, such as silicon or gallium arsenide. Specifically, we intend to demonstrate (i) ultrafast THz frequency agile devices, (ii) electro-optic devices using 2D perovskites, where the applied (THz) electric field can induce the Stark effect or quantum confined Stark effect in the multiple quantum well structures, and (iii) field effect transistors based that exhibit optical wavelength sensitive control of the THz properties. The proposed research offers transformative capabilities because the use of multiple perovskites within a single device proposed here is technically challenging to achieve using conventional semiconductors.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术性：硅电子产品面临着技术瓶颈，即使需要以不断增长的速度运行的设备。太赫兹（THz）技术被视为解决这一问题的潜在方案，因为它将使设备能够以100 GHz至10，000 GHz的速度运行，远远快于传统电子产品。该项目将使用相对较新的半导体家族，有机-无机混合铅卤化物钙钛矿来制造有源THz设备。钙钛矿最近因其在高性能太阳能电池方面的潜力而获得了极大的关注。钙钛矿的基本性质使它们对太阳能电池有吸引力，也使它们对THz应用有吸引力。例如，钙钛矿对光的响应可以通过改变分子中的卤化物基团来化学地改变。钙钛矿也易于加工。高质量的钙钛矿薄膜可以通过半导体加工工业中常规使用的简单旋涂工艺容易地沉积。具有不同光学和电子性质的不同钙钛矿可以容易地彼此相邻地沉积。相比之下，这是很难做到与传统的无机半导体，如硅和砷化镓。这种制造的简易性允许新的器件能力，这在仅使用一种类型的半导体时是根本不可能的。PI将通过犹他州科学奥林匹克竞赛等经验，努力扩大对科学教育的参与。PI将为高中教师开发课程，让本科生和高中生参与研究，并与盐湖山谷的第一代学生接触。技术：拟议的工作旨在开发一类基于有机-无机卤化铅钙钛矿的新型太赫兹（THz）器件。这些半导体虽然在光伏应用方面得到了很好的研究，但在太赫兹应用方面几乎完全没有探索。它们对于THz应用非常有吸引力，因为它们的光学特性可以相对容易地进行化学工程。由于它们可以进行溶液处理，因此可以以极高的精度铸造和描绘多个钙钛矿，彼此非常接近，而不会对材料响应产生任何劣化。我们打算开发一种独特的制造技术，该技术允许使用聚合物分层工艺以微米级精度对这些半导体进行图案化，该工艺保护沉积的钙钛矿层，同时沉积和定义额外的层。通过这样做，我们希望创造出主动THz器件，这些器件具有仅使用单一半导体（如硅或砷化镓）无法实现的功能。具体而言，我们打算展示（i）超快THz频率捷变器件，（ii）使用2D钙钛矿的电光器件，其中所施加的（THz）电场可以在多量子阱结构中诱导斯塔克效应或量子限制斯塔克效应，以及（iii）基于场效应晶体管的THz特性的光波长敏感控制。这项研究提供了变革性的能力，因为在这里提出的一个设备中使用多个钙钛矿在技术上具有挑战性，以实现使用传统的半导体。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准的支持。