SaTC: CORE: Small: Securing GNSS-based infrastructures

该项目为全球导航卫星系统开发新的抗干扰技术，这些技术有效，但计算负担得起。全球导航卫星系统在民用、安全和国防应用中无处不在，导致人们越来越依赖这种技术用于定位和定时目的，特别是在关键基础设施中。全球导航卫星系统可能中断的威胁是真实的，可能导致灾难性后果。该项目研究确保GNSS接收机免受干扰干扰的方法，并在尺寸，重量和功率（SWAP）要求范围内进行。现有的解决方案要么体积庞大且不具有成本效益，例如基于天线阵列技术的解决方案，要么专门适用于干扰类型。此外，这些解决方案中的大多数需要在减轻干扰的影响之前对干扰进行检测和分类，这构成了过程中的单点错误。 该项目将研究不需要检测和分类就能抵御干扰的GNSS接收器，方法是利用稳健的统计数据设计方法，这些方法只需要对最先进的接收器架构进行很少的修改，使SWAP要求与标准GNSS接收器的要求相当。研究结果将在端到端GNSS软件定义无线电接收器上实施和验证，成功地将研究转化为实践。教育活动与这一研究议程紧密结合，包括由主要研究员编写的课程和外联活动，这一研究增进了关于如何利用可靠统计数据设计具有成本效益和效率的抗干扰全球导航卫星系统减缓技术的知识。该项目的主要前提是，大多数干扰源具有稀疏表示，在稀疏表示上，它们可以被视为标称信号模型的离群值。然后使用稳健统计工具以合理的方式丢弃这些异常值，确定并替代全球导航卫星系统处理中的具体关键操作。这种方法避免了检测和估计干扰的需要，这可能导致错误。该项目设想开发一种重量轻但坚固耐用的全球导航卫星系统接收器，可方便地取代目前支持关键基础设施运行的全球导航卫星系统接收器。它将实现可靠和精确的抗干扰技术，并大幅降低成本。特别是，该项目将提供一种GNSS接收机解决方案，可以科普常见的干扰。这种接收器增强功能的开发，沿着其在软件接收器中的验证，将允许更有弹性和更可靠的GNSS接收器的大规模部署。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。

This project develops novel anti-jamming techniques for Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) that are effective, yet computationally affordable. GNSS is ubiquitous in civilian, security and defense applications, causing a growing dependence on such technology for position and timing purposes, particularly in critical infrastructures. The threat of a potential disruption of GNSS is real and can lead to catastrophic consequences. This project studies methods to secure GNSS receivers from jamming interference, and doing so within size, weight, and power (SWAP) requirements. Existing solutions are either bulky and not cost-effective, such as those based on antenna array technology, or specifically adapted to an interference type. In addition, most of these solutions require the detection and classification of the interference before mitigating its effects, which constitutes a single point of error in the process. This project will investigate GNSS receivers that are resilient to interference without requiring detection and classification, by leveraging robust statistics to design methods that require few modifications with respect to state-of-the-art receiver architectures, keeping SWAP requirements comparable to those from standard GNSS receivers. The findings will be implemented and validated on an end-to-end GNSS software-defined radio receiver, successfully transitioning research into practice. Educational activities are closely integrated with this research agenda, including a course developed by the principal investigator and outreach activities.This research advances knowledge of how robust statistics can be leveraged to design cost-effective and efficient mitigation techniques for anti-jamming GNSS. The main premise of the project is that most interference sources have a sparse representation, on which they can be seen as outliers to the nominal signal model. Tools from robust statistics are then used to discard those outliers in a sound manner, identifying and substituting specific critical operations in GNSS processing. This approach avoids the need for detecting and estimating interference, processes which can cause errors. The project envisions a lightweight, yet robust, GNSS receiver that can be easily adopted in substitution of current GNSS receivers that are supporting operation of critical infrastructures. It will enable reliable and precise anti-jamming technology with drastic SWAP and cost improvements. Particularly, the project will provide a GNSS receiver solution that can cope with common jamming interference. The development of such receiver enhancements, along with their validation in a software receiver, will allow for large-scale deployments of GNSS receivers that are more resilient and reliable.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.