Collaborative Research: Solar Neutrino Science with Borexino: The Quest for CNO Neutrinos

合作研究：太阳中微子科学与 Borexino：寻找 CNO 中微子

• 批准号: 1821071
• 负责人: ROBERT VOGELAAR
• 金额: $ 26万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-15 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1821071&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Solar; Neutrino; Science

Solar neutrino research has already discovered massive neutrinos and flavor mixing and is moving into an era where precision measurements can provide a unique probe of the structure and composition of the Sun. The carbon-nitrogen-oxygen (CNO) cycle is one of the fusion reactions by which stars convert hydrogen to helium, releasing electron-neutrinos. The CNO neutrino flux depends on the abundance of carbon in the core of the Sun. A measurement of the CNO flux would be the first direct measurement of the solar metallicity (the abundance of elements other than hydrogen or helium) in the core of the Sun. It could test the fundamental assumption of homogeneity in the Sun and provide crucial information regarding opacities in the solar interior that are important for helioseismology. Such studies could thus have a great impact on our understanding of the Sun, stellar astrophysics, the link between planetary and stellar formation, as well as basic neutrino physics. Borexino is a liquid scintillator detector, located at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory in Italy, with a unique sensitivity to solar neutrinos.The Borexino research program has involved many undergraduate and graduate students. Mentoring and training young researchers at the collaborating institutions and other schools has always been a high priority. The three groups will continue to involve undergraduate students in this research and disseminate research to the broader community.The research funded here plans to measure neutrinos from the catalytic reactions on 12-C and 15-N which convert four protons to 4-He, producing neutrinos from the beta decays of 13-N and 15-O. The CN neutrino flux depends directly on the abundance of 12-C and 15-N in the core of the Sun, and their measurement would be the first direct measurement of the metallicity (elements heavier than 4-He), in the core of the Sun. This result will be far reaching because the solar composition is the basis for many important topics in astrophysics, including stellar structure, stellar evolution, and stellar atmospheres, to name a few. In addition, it will address the 'solar composition problem', the apparent disagreement in metallicity determined from recent advances in analysis of solar photospheric optical spectra, which favors a low metallicity, and advances in helioseismology, which favors high metallicity. Since modifications of the Standard Solar Model to explain a non-uniform solar composition have not been very successful, the 'solar composition problem' remains an unexplained flaw in the Standard Solar Model.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

太阳中微子研究已经发现了大量的中微子和风味混合，并且正在进入一个时代，精度测量可以提供对太阳的结构和组成的独特探针。碳氮 - 氧（CNO）周期是恒星将氢转化为氦气的融合反应之一，从而释放了电子中心。 CNO中微子通量取决于太阳核心的碳丰度。 CNO通量的测量将是太阳金属性（氢或氦气以外的其他元素）的首次直接测量。它可以测试太阳中同质性的基本假设，并提供有关太阳内部不熟悉的重要信息，这对气动学很重要。因此，这样的研究可能会对我们对太阳，恒星天体物理学，行星和恒星形成之间的联系以及基本的中微子物理学产生重大影响。 Borexino是位于意大利Gran Sasso国家实验室的液体闪烁体检测器，对太阳中微子具有独特的敏感性。Borexino研究计划涉及许多本科生和研究生。在合作机构和其他学校的指导和培训年轻研究人员一直是当务之急。这三个群体将继续让本科生参与这项研究，并将研究传播给更广泛的社区。此处资助的研究计划从12-C和15-N上衡量中微子的中微子，这些反应将四个质子转化为4-HE，从而从13-N和15-O的β衰减中产生中微子。 CN中微子通量直接取决于太阳核心中的12-C和15-N的丰度，它们的测量将是在太阳核心中的第一个直接测量金属度（比4-He的元素重）。该结果将是遥不可及的，因为太阳能组成是天体物理学中许多重要主题的基础，包括恒星结构，恒星进化和恒星大气，仅举几例。此外，它将解决“太阳成分问题”，这是根据对太阳光球光谱的分析的最新进展确定的金属性分歧，这些光谱有利于低金属性以及热疗学的进步，这些光谱有利于高金属性。由于标准太阳能模型的修改以解释不均匀的太阳能组成并不是很成功，因此“太阳能组成问题”仍然是标准太阳能模型中无法解释的缺陷。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的智力和更广泛影响的评估来进行评估的支持，这是值得的。

项目成果

Dark matter, dark energy and fundamental acceleration

暗物质、暗能量和基本加速度

• DOI: 10.1142/s0218271820430300
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: International Journal of Modern Physics D
• 影响因子: 2.2
• 作者: Edmonds, Douglas;Minic, Djordje;Takeuchi, Tatsu
• 通讯作者: Takeuchi, Tatsu

Simultaneous precision spectroscopy of pp , Be7 , and pep solar neutrinos with Borexino Phase-II

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.100.082004
• 发表时间: 2017-07
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: M. Agostini;K. Altenmüller;S. Appel;V. Atroshchenko;Z. Bagdasarian;D. Basilico;G. Bellini;J. Benzig

Search for low-energy signals from fast radio bursts with the Borexino detector

• DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-10197-0
• 发表时间: 2021-11
• 期刊: The European Physical Journal C
• 作者: S. Appel;Z. Bagdasarian;D. Basilico;G. Bellini;J. Benziger;R. Biondi;B. Caccianiga;F. Calaprice;A. Caminata;A. Chepurnov;D. D’Angelo;A. Derbin;A. D. Giacinto;V. D. Marcello;X. Ding;A. D. Ludovico;L. Noto;I. Drachnev;D. Franco;C. Galbiati;C. Ghiano;M. Giammarchi;A. Goretti;A. Göttel;M. Gromov;D. Guffanti;A. Ianni;A. Ianni;A. Jany;V. Kobychev;G. Korga;S. Kumaran;M. Laubenstein;E. Litvinovich;P. Lombardi;I. Lomskaya;L. Ludhova;G. Lukyanchenko;I. Machulin;J. Martyn;E. Meroni;L. Miramonti;M. Misiaszek;V. Muratova;R. Nugmanov;L. Oberauer;V. Orekhov;F. Ortica;M. Pallavicini;L. Pelicci;Ö. Penek;L. Pietrofaccia;N. Pilipenko;A. Pocar;G. Raikov;M. Ranalli;G. Ranucci;A. Razeto;A. Re;M. Redchuk;N. Rossi;S. Schönert;D. Semenov;G. Settanta;M. Skorokhvatov;A. Singhal;O. Smirnov;A. Sotnikov;R. Tartaglia;G. Testera;E. Unzhakov;A. Vishneva;R. Vogelaar;F. Feilitzsch;M. Wójcik;M. Wurm;S. Zavatarelli;I. Zhutikov;K. Zuber;G. Zuzel;Borexino Collaboration

Modulations of the cosmic muon signal in ten years of Borexino data

• DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2019/02/046
• 发表时间: 2019-02-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF COSMOLOGY AND ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
• 影响因子: 6.4
• 作者: Agostini, M.;Altenmueller, K.;Zuzel, G.
• 通讯作者: Zuzel, G.

Fluid-dynamics and transport of 210Po in the scintillator Borexino detector: A numerical analysis

闪烁体 Borexino 探测器中 210Po 的流体动力学和输运：数值分析

• DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2020.163801
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Detectors and Associated Equipment
• 作者: Di Marcello, V.;Bravo-Berguño, D.;Mereu, R.;Calaprice, F.;Di Giacinto, A.;Di Ludovico, A.;Ianni, Aldo;Ianni, Andrea;Rossi, N.;Pietrofaccia, L.
• 通讯作者: Pietrofaccia, L.