Solar Neutrinos: Experimental Program

对太阳中微子光谱的测量已经产生了具有根本重要性的意想不到的结果，随着这些测量的改进，新的结果有望同样具有启发性。中微子振荡，加上MSW机制，是解释观测到的地球中微子通量所必需的。这个解决方案允许在真空和物质增强的振荡之间有一个有趣的区域，在那里可以探索更多的新物理。同样，最近的太阳丰度测量在标准太阳模型和日震学结果之间造成了冲突，这些冲突最敏感地通过测量CNO中微子通量来解决。值得注意的是，还有一个问题是，由光子确定的太阳光度是否与由中微子确定的光度准确匹配。在这种情况下，还需要对pp中微子进行直接测量。这项奖励将为该小组继续参与意大利Gran Sasso地下实验室的Borexino科学舞台提供资金，因为合作的重点是测量铍-7中微子的通量。该小组积极参与，并为Borexino净化工作提供了专家人力。第一次净化的结果非常成功，当明年完成时，Borexino看起来很有准备地提供有意义的CNO和PEP通量的测量。未来的可能性包括用透镜实验测量pp中微子的通量。该奖项将为在该项目中工作的学生和博士后提供出色的培训和经验，以及这些技术在领域外的潜在应用。

Measurements of the solar neutrino spectrum have already yielded unexpected results of fundamental importance and, as these measurements improve, new results promise to be equally revealing. Neutrino oscillations, coupled with the MSW mechanism, are required to explain the observed neutrino fluxes at Earth. This solution allows an interesting region between vacuum- and matter-enhanced oscillations where additional new physics can be probed. Likewise, recent solar abundance measurements have created conflicts between the Standard Solar Model and helioseismology results, which are most sensitively resolved by measurement of the CNO neutrino flux. Significantly, there also remains the question whether the luminosity of the sun, as determined by photons, accurately matches the luminosity as determined by neutrinos. In this case, a direct measurement of the pp neutrinos is also required. This award will provide funding for this group to continue their participation in the science arena of Borexino in the underground laboratory at Gran Sasso, Italy as the collaboration focuses on measuring the Beryllium-7 neutrino flux. The group actively participated and provided expert manpower to Borexino purification efforts. Results from the first pass of purification have been very successful, and when completed in the coming year, Borexino looks well poised to provide meaningful measurements of the CNO and pep fluxes as well. Future possibilities include measurements of the pp neutrino flux with the LENS experiment. This award will provide excellent training of, and experience for, the students and postdocs who work in the program as well as potential applications of these technologies outside of the field.