Stratosphere-to-troposphere Ozone Flux and Surface Ultraviolet Radiation during Cold Climates and Impact on Tropospheric Oxidants

寒冷气候期间平流层至对流层臭氧通量和表面紫外线辐射及其对对流层氧化剂的影响

• 批准号: 1821437
• 负责人: Qiang Fu
• 金额: $ 59.5万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1821437&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Stratosphere; troposphere; Ozone; Flux; Surface

Improved understanding of the stratospheric response to very different climate including the cold climate of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) will broaden the perspective and provide insight when assessing the stratospheric response to anthropogenically-induced climate changes in the 21st century. The spatial distributions of stratospheric ozone, stratosphere-to-troposphere ozone flux, and ultraviolet radiation reaching to the lower troposphere under various climate states obtained from the project will become available to the tropospheric chemistry modeling community. The research results will be disseminated to the broader atmospheric and climate research community through scientific publications. The proposal will support a Ph.D. student and a postdoc and provide interdisciplinary training in atmospheric dynamics and chemistry to the graduate student and postdoc. The research team is committed to public outreach, including developing educational videos and other outreach materials for grades K-12; giving public lectures on the research.The Brewer-Dobson circulation (BDC) is the stratospheric meridional circulation that links the tropics and pole in the winter hemisphere. The BDC couples the troposphere and the stratosphere through the transporting of ozone-depleting gases from tropical troposphere to the stratosphere and then from the stratosphere to the troposphere in the mid- and high-latitudes, influencing the lifetime of trace gases such as methane. By transporting stratospheric ozone from the tropics where it is produced to the poles, the BDC also determines the spatial distribution of the ozone column abundance that is the primary control on ultraviolet radiation penetration into the lower troposphere, playing an important role for driving atmospheric chemistry. During the cold climate of the LGM, both temperature and Brewer-Dobson circulation could be very different from the present day, because of different concentrations of radiative and chemical constituents (e.g., CO2, H2O, CH4, N2O, CFC), surface boundary conditions (colder sea surface temperatures, larger latitudinal temperature gradients and large ice sheets) and tropospheric circulations. Recent work using ice core observations shows higher tropospheric ozone concentrations in cold climates relative to warm climates, indicative of the potential importance of stratosphere-troposphere ozone transport. However, there are very few studies on the BGC and ozone during the cold climate and there is no study so far quantifying the stratosphere-to-troposphere ozone flux and surface ultraviolet radiation during that time. Motivated by the recent findings from ice core observations, this research project will fill this knowledge gap by investigating the BDC and stratospheric ozone and quantifying the stratosphere-to-troposphere ozone flux and ultraviolet radiation and their impact on the tropospheric chemistry during the cold climate of the LGM. They researchers will apply the most recent version of the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with interactive stratospheric chemistry, and the ice age chemistry and proxy tropospheric chemistry-climate model to explain the high concentration of tropospheric ozone in cold climates.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

更好地了解平流层对非常不同的气候（包括末次冰盛期（LGM）的寒冷气候）的反应，将拓宽视角，并在评估平流层对21世纪世纪气候变化的反应时提供见解。从该项目获得的平流层臭氧、平流层到对流层臭氧通量和在各种气候状态下到达对流层低层的紫外辐射的空间分布将提供给对流层化学模拟界。研究成果将通过科学出版物传播给更广泛的大气和气候研究界。 该提案将支持博士学位。该项目还为研究生和博士后提供大气动力学和化学方面的跨学科培训。研究团队致力于公共宣传，包括为K-12年级制作教育视频和其他宣传材料;就研究进行公开讲座。布鲁尔-多布森环流（Brewer-Dobson circulation，BDC）是平流层纬向环流，在冬季半球连接热带和极地。BDC通过将臭氧消耗气体从热带对流层输送到平流层，然后从平流层输送到中高纬度地区的对流层，将对流层和平流层联系起来，从而影响甲烷等痕量气体的寿命。 通过将平流层臭氧从产生臭氧的热带地区输送到两极，BDC还决定了臭氧柱丰度的空间分布，这是紫外线辐射渗透到对流层低层的主要控制因素，对推动大气化学起着重要作用。在LGM的寒冷气候期间，温度和Brewer-Dobson环流可能与现在非常不同，因为辐射和化学成分的浓度不同（例如，CO2、H2O、CH 4、N2 O、CFC）、表面边界条件（较冷的海面温度、较大的纬度温度梯度和大冰盖）和对流层环流。最近利用冰芯观测结果开展的工作表明，与温暖气候相比，寒冷气候下对流层臭氧浓度较高，这表明平流层-对流层臭氧传输的潜在重要性。然而，有很少的研究，在寒冷的气候条件下的BGC和臭氧，有没有研究到目前为止量化平流层到对流层的臭氧通量和地面紫外辐射在这段时间。受最近冰芯观测结果的启发，该研究项目将通过调查BDC和平流层臭氧，量化平流层到对流层的臭氧通量和紫外线辐射及其对LGM寒冷气候期间对流层化学的影响来填补这一知识空白。他们的研究人员将应用最新版本的全大气共同体气候模型与交互式平流层化学、冰河时代化学和代用对流层化学-气候模型来解释寒冷气候中对流层臭氧的高浓度。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Revisiting the Quasi-Biennial Oscillation as Seen in ERA5. Part I: Description and Momentum Budget

• DOI: 10.1175/jas-d-20-0248.1
• 发表时间: 2020-08
• 期刊: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: H. Pahlavan;Q. Fu;J. Wallace;G. Kiladis

Diurnal Cycles of Synthetic Microwave Sounding Lower-Stratospheric Temperatures from Radio Occultation Observations, Reanalysis, and Model Simulations

通过射电掩星观测、再分析和模型模拟合成微波探测平流层低层温度的日循环

• DOI: 10.1175/jtech-d-21-0071.1
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology
• 影响因子: 2.2

Stratospheric Ozone in the Last Glacial Maximum

末次盛冰期的平流层臭氧

• DOI: 10.1029/2020jd032929
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
• 作者: Wang, Mingcheng;Fu, Qiang;Solomon, Susan;White, Rachel H.;Alexander, Becky
• 通讯作者: Alexander, Becky

Stratosphere‐Troposphere Exchange of Air Masses and Ozone Concentrations Based on Reanalyses and Observations

• DOI: 10.1029/2021jd035159
• 发表时间: 2021-09
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
• 作者: Mingcheng Wang;Q. Fu

The Brewer‐Dobson Circulation During the Last Glacial Maximum

末次盛冰期的布鲁尔·多布森环流

• DOI: 10.1029/2019gl086271
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Fu, Qiang;White, Rachel H.;Wang, Mingcheng;Alexander, Becky;Solomon, Susan;Gettelman, Andrew;Battisti, David S.;Lin, Pu
• 通讯作者: Lin, Pu