Phase I IUCRC at University of Massachusetts Lowell: Center for Science of Heterogeneous Additive Printing of 3D Materials (SHAP3D)

IUCRC 3D材料异质增材打印科学（SHAP3D）将服务于工业，政府和学术界的不同利益，以解决基础研究挑战，以满足工业对异质3D打印材料的商业需求。增材制造（AM）被汽车、医疗、航空航天和消费品等行业视为全球竞争优势的研究领域。SHAP3D旨在通过解决两个关键的市场需求，加速国内增材制造行业及其客户的扩张和竞争力：(1)增材制造向更复杂的拓扑、异构和多功能应用的发展，这些应用要求与其提高的性能相称的高利润率；(2)增材制造通过吞吐量的数量级提高、材料性能成本的降低以及使中小企业和大公司能够快速采用先进技术的易用性设计规则，向利润率较低的行业扩展。该中心将向工业成员和从业者以及更广泛的学术界传播其设计、材料和工艺研究。SHAP3D将通过产业界和学术界的密切合作，提供一支技术训练有素的劳动力队伍。与此I/UCRC相关的UML站点特定教育项目包括K-12模块模块、新生合作学者和在线教育项目。SHAP3D中心的研究将以工业性能需求为驱动，建立在与体素级控制和多种工艺和材料集成相关的基本结构-处理-属性关系的技术基础之上。在这些多材料系统中可能存在的大量材料组合乘以具有体素级状态变量控制的过程中表示的参数空间，需要对材料（成分矩阵、填料/添加剂、界面）特性、加工协议和设计规则有基本的了解，以可靠地预测产品和部件的特性。尽管材料和工艺组合多种多样，但它们是由许多与熔化、加工和凝固有关的潜在物理原理以及材料异质增材打印的界面物理统一的。该中心将支持成员选择增材制造方法，并设想包括多种增材打印方法的研究，如熔丝制造（FFF）、立体光刻/数字光投影（SLA/DLP）和其他增材方法。马萨诸塞大学洛厄尔分校（UML）将在建模、材料表征、加工、流变学、多材料打印和增材制造新材料方面增加研究力量。该中心和UML站点将为工业增加重要的价值，通过解决他们的愿景，将不同的材料添加到异质的、增值的产品中，这些产品充满了以前未实现的生物、化学、电子和机械功能。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The IUCRC Science of Heterogeneous Additive Printing of 3D Materials (SHAP3D) will serve the diverse interests of industry, government, and academia to address fundamental research challenges to meet the commercial needs of industry for heterogeneous 3D printing of materials. The additive manufacturing (AM) is viewed as a research area for global competitive advantage by industries such as automotive, medical, aerospace, and consumer products. SHAP3D aims to accelerate expansion and competitiveness of the domestic AM industry and its customers by addressing two critical market needs: (1) the growth of AM into more complex topologies, heterogeneous, and multi-functional applications that command high margins commensurate with their increased performance, and (2) the expansion of AM into lower margin industries via order-of-magnitude improvements in throughput, material-per-performance cost reductions, and ease-of-use design rules that enable SMEs and large companies to rapidly adopt advanced techniques. The Center will disseminate its design, material and process research to industrial members and practitioners, and the broader academic community. SHAP3D will provide a technically trained workforce, with industrial perspective, through the close collaboration between industry and academia. UML site-specific educational programs associated with this I/UCRC include K-12 modular block, freshman Co-op Scholars and online education programs. The SHAP3D Center research will be driven by the performance requirements of industry, built from a technical foundation of the fundamental structure-processing-property relationships associated with the voxel-level control and integration of diverse processes and materials. The enormous number of material combinations possible in these multi-material systems multiplied by the parameter space represented within processes with voxel-level state-variable control requires fundamental understanding of the material (constituent matrices, fillers/additives, interfaces) properties, processing protocols, and design rules to reliably predict the properties of products and parts. Despite the diverse materials and process combinations, they are unified by many underlying physical principles related to melting, processing, and solidification, and interfacial physics for heterogeneous additive printing of materials.. The Center will support members' choice of AM methods and envisions research that encompasses numerous additive printing methods, such as fused filament fabrication (FFF), stereolithography/digital light projection (SLA/DLP), and other additive approaches. The University of Massachusetts, Lowell (UML) site will add research strength in modeling, material characterization, processing, rheology, multi-material printing, and new materials for additive manufacturing. The Center and UML site will add significant value for industry by addressing their vision to additively manufacture dissimilar materials into heterogeneous, valued-added products imbued with previously unattained biological, chemical, electrical, and mechanical functionality.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.