Creation, Maintenance, and Mobility of Neolithic Communities

新石器时代社区的创建、维护和流动

• 批准号: 1827338
• 负责人: Marin Pilloud
• 金额: $ 27.58万
• 依托单位: Board of Regents, NSHE, obo University of Nevada, Reno
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1827338&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Creation; Maintenance; Mobility; Neolithic; Communities

The Neolithic marks the shift from a mobile hunting and gathering lifestyle to one centered on production and consumption of domesticated plants and animals and life in sedentary villages. Central Anatolia is a key location in the development and spread of the domestication of plants and animals. However, little is known about the genetic and social structure of this region during the Neolithic. The goal of the project is to fill this gap through bioarchaeological and genetic studies of these Neolithic communities. This study marks a new approach to exploring archaeological questions through a robust integration of genetics, archaeology, and osteology. The project will support student training, international research collaborations, and public science outreach.The research team will investigate human skeletal remains to explore the creation, maintenance, and mobility of Neolithic communities in central Anatolia. Specifically, data on ancient DNA (aDNA) and dental morphology and metrics will be integrated from multiple archaeological sites that span the Epipaleolithic (~12,500 to 11,500 cal BCE) to the late Neolithic (5550 cal BCE). These localities cover a large span of time within a defined geographic area, contain excellent contextual information, and have produced a large set of human remains that are amenable to dental and genetic analyses. These biological data will then be used to test regional questions and hypotheses about population development and movement as well as social structure to understand this process of "Neolithization." This study moves the emphasis from grand-scale analyses to regional questions about the Neolithic, to include population interaction, social structure, and regional development. Finally, this work will provide state-of-the art results on the use of aDNA in studying kinship and local social structures in conjunction with skeletal data to augment sample sizes.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

新石器时代标志着从移动狩猎和采集的生活方式转变为以生产和消费驯化植物和动物以及定居村庄生活为中心的生活方式。安纳托利亚中部是动植物驯化发展和传播的关键地区。然而，人们对新石器时代这一地区的遗传和社会结构知之甚少。该项目的目标是通过对这些新石器时代社区的生物考古和基因研究来填补这一空白。这项研究标志着通过遗传学、考古学和骨学的强大整合来探索考古学问题的新方法。该项目将支持学生培训、国际研究合作和公共科学推广。研究小组将调查人类骨骼遗骸，以探索安纳托利亚中部新石器时代社区的创造、维护和流动性。具体来说，古代DNA （aDNA）和牙齿形态和测量数据将整合多个考古遗址，这些遗址跨越了上石器时代（约12500至11500 cal BCE）到新石器时代晚期（5550 cal BCE）。这些地点涵盖了一个确定的地理区域内的很长一段时间，包含了很好的背景信息，并产生了大量的人类遗骸，可以进行牙科和基因分析。然后，这些生物数据将被用于测试关于人口发展和运动以及社会结构的区域问题和假设，以了解“新石器时代”的过程。这项研究将重点从大规模分析转移到新石器时代的区域问题，包括人口互动、社会结构和区域发展。最后，这项工作将提供使用aDNA研究亲属关系和当地社会结构的最新结果，并结合骨骼数据来增加样本量。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。