RII Track-4: Defining the Environment in Science and Policy

RII Track-4：在科学和政策中定义环境

• 批准号: 1832973
• 负责人: David Bond
• 金额: $ 7.84万
• 依托单位: Bennington College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-10-01 至 2020-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1832973&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RII; Track; Defining; Environment; Science

Non-Technical DescriptionThe RII Track-4 EPSCoR research fellowship supports anthropological research that examines the constitutive relationship between the problems of fossil fuels and the formation of environmental science and policy. As a Member of the School of Social Science at the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) in Princeton, New Jersey for the academic year 2018-19, the PI intends to continue ongoing ethnographic research on the relationship between fossil fuel disasters and environmental protections, synthesize findings in direct conversation with leading scholars from across the social sciences, and finish a book length manuscript on the place of the environment in the tumultuous present. With sites ranging from the history of pollution and landmark legislation on clean air and clean water in the United States to present day venues working to measure and manage hydrocarbon pollution, this book describes how the negative ecologies of fossil fuels help draw the coordinates of the environment into effective scientific and political relief. Although fossil fuels loom large in present concerns over climate change, the longer history of petro-problems and environmental protections is often neglected. This understudied relation has serious implications for the resurgent place of environmental concerns in theory and politics today. ???Technical DescriptionIn advocacy, science, and governance, the environment has become a vital field of knowledge and responsibility in the contemporary. While much is done with the environment, less attention has focused on the emergence of the environment itself as a converging field of action for advocacy, science, and regulation. The research describes how the environment gained potent empirical and ethical definition in response to the problems of fossil fuels from the 1960s to the present, and explores the implications of this neglected relationship for theory, politics, and people today. To a striking degree the specific crisis that the environment realized, the forms of understanding and responsibility it authorized, and the horizons of action and anticipation it routinized all bear the imprint of hydrocarbon afterlives. Whether by way of urban smog or petrochemical runoff or even oil spills, as fossil fuels unravel the conditions of life they also instigate new state authority to monitor and police those conditions. Yet the resulting definition of the defendable environment, wedged in between hydrocarbon excess and public outrage, has often been effective to the extent it sidesteps the underlying petro-problems and focuses attention instead on stabilizing the mediums of exposure, like clean air and clean water, and perhaps now a stable climate. This has serious consequence, for not only has the environment been designed to divorce measures of harm from measures of gain but the category has found its most forceful definition through moralizing and managing an ahistorical, moderately contaminated, and exceedingly technical understanding of legitimate life. Today, as the disruptions of fossil fuels snap back into focus around rising planetary concerns like global warming, ocean acidification, and the so-called Anthropocene, this history of our present is significant not only for its previous neglect but also for its reworking of environmental crisis and critique today. As the first faculty member from Bennington College to be invited to IAS, this work will also raise the intellectual profile of the PI's home institution, stimulate ambitious research agendas among faculty and students while improving infrastructures of support for such work, and catalyze new research among current collaborators, both at the home institution and beyond.?This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术描述RII Track-4 EPSCoR研究奖学金支持人类学研究，研究化石燃料问题与环境科学和政策形成之间的构成关系。作为2018-19学年新泽西普林斯顿高等研究院（IAS）社会科学学院的成员，PI打算继续进行关于化石燃料灾难与环境保护之间关系的人种学研究，与来自社会科学领域的领先学者直接对话，并完成了一本书长的手稿，关于环境在动荡的现在的位置。从污染的历史和美国清洁空气和清洁水的里程碑式立法到当今致力于测量和管理碳氢化合物污染的场所，这本书描述了化石燃料的负面生态如何帮助绘制环境坐标有效的科学和政治救济。尽管化石燃料在目前对气候变化的关注中显得很重要，但石油问题和环境保护的更长历史往往被忽视。这种未被充分研究的关系对今天环境问题在理论和政治上的复兴具有重要意义。???在倡导、科学和治理方面，环境已成为当代知识和责任的重要领域。虽然在环境方面做了很多工作，但很少有人关注环境本身作为倡导、科学和监管行动的融合领域。该研究描述了环境如何从20世纪60年代到现在获得强有力的经验和伦理定义，以应对化石燃料的问题，并探讨了这种被忽视的关系对理论，政治和当今人们的影响。环境意识到的具体危机，它所授权的理解和责任的形式，以及它所体现的行动和预期的范围，在很大程度上都带有碳氢化合物来世的印记。无论是通过城市烟雾还是石化径流，甚至是石油泄漏，随着化石燃料破坏生活条件，它们也促使新的国家权力机构来监测和监管这些条件。然而，由此产生的可再生环境的定义，夹在碳氢化合物过剩和公众愤怒之间，往往是有效的，因为它避开了潜在的石油问题，而是将注意力集中在稳定暴露的媒介上，比如清洁的空气和清洁的水，也许现在是稳定的气候。这有着严重的后果，因为环境不仅被设计成将伤害的衡量标准与收益的衡量标准分开，而且这一范畴通过道德化和管理对合法生活的非历史的、适度污染的和极端技术性的理解找到了最有力的定义。今天，随着化石燃料的破坏重新成为人们关注的焦点，如全球变暖，海洋酸化和所谓的人类世，我们现在的这段历史不仅对以前的忽视，而且对今天的环境危机和批评进行了改造。作为本宁顿学院的第一位教师被邀请到IAS，这项工作也将提高PI的家乡机构的知识形象，刺激教师和学生之间雄心勃勃的研究议程，同时改善支持这些工作的基础设施，并催化当前合作者之间的新研究，无论是在家乡机构和超越。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为是值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

项目成果

Environment: Critical Reflections on a Concept

环境：对概念的批判性反思

• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: IASK working papers
• 作者: Bond, David