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Development of Multi-Channel Ultrasound Recording System for a High-Pressure, High-Temperature Rock Deformation Apparatus

高压高温岩石变形仪多通道超声记录系统的研制

基本信息

批准号：
1836304
负责人：
Matej Pec
金额：
$ 17.18万
依托单位：
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-05-15 至 2021-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1836304&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Development Multi Channel Ultrasound Recording

项目摘要

Movement of rocks in Earth's interior results in the build-up of stress. Depending on a variety of factors such as temperature, pressure and stressing rate a rock can either fail abruptly in an earthquake or deform slowly by creep. Experimental rock deformation studies provide fundamental insights into the processes that accommodate plate tectonic movement at different depths in the Earth and quantify the strength and stability of tectonic plates. Development of new capabilities open new horizons for experimental geophysics and provide tools for studying many poorly understood phenomena such as intermediate and deep-focus earthquakes as well as non-impulsive slow-slip events, low frequency earthquakes and non-volcanic tremor in the laboratory at relevant pressure and temperature conditions. The aim of this proposal is to develop and integrate a multi-channel ultrasound recording system into an existing state-of-the-art solid medium rock deformation apparatus. The apparatus is capable of deforming large volume samples (~380 cubic mm) at pressures of up to 2.5 GPa and temperatures of up to ~1400 degrees C and is specifically designed to allow for the integration of an ultrasound recording system. It is planned to use several miniature needle piezoelectric sensors in the frequency range of 1 - 10 MHz to monitor the sample. Triggered acoustic emission data will be recorded at sampling speeds of up to 50 Ms/s per channel and continuous data will be recorded at sampling speeds of up to 10 Ms/s. A high-energy pulser will be synchronized with the recording system and will generate known pulses that will travel through the deforming sample and will be used to characterize the microstructural evolution in-situ. The investigator will be able to locate acoustic emissions within the sample volume and measure the evolution of p-wave velocities. These data will give us fundamental new insights into a number of natural phenomena ranging from seismicity, influence of stress and strain on metamorphic reactions, to the influence of stress on melt alignment and acoustic wave propagation to name just a few possible applications. The PecLab, where the apparatus will be installed, is part of a Collaborative Organization for Rock Deformation (CORD) which was formed between MIT and Brown University. The goal of CORD is to encourage and facilitate participation in experimental rock deformation studies by a broader spectrum of scientists within the Earth science community. The newly developed experimental capabilities will serve the geoscience community by enabling new, previously impossible studies to any interested visitors.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

地球内部岩石的运动导致了应力的积累。根据温度、压力和应力速率等各种因素的不同，岩石可能在地震中突然破坏，也可能因蠕变而缓慢变形。实验岩石变形研究提供了对适应地球不同深度的板块构造运动的过程的基本见解，并量化了构造板块的强度和稳定性。新能力的发展为实验地球物理学开辟了新的天地，并为研究许多鲜为人知的现象提供了工具，例如在实验室中研究相关压力和温度条件下的中源和深源地震以及非脉冲性慢滑事件、低频地震和非火山震动。这项提议的目的是开发一种多通道超声波记录系统，并将其集成到现有的最先进的固体介质岩石变形设备中。该设备能够在高达2.5 Gpa的压力和高达~1400摄氏度的温度下变形大体积样品(~380立方毫米)，并专门设计用于集成超声记录系统。计划在1-10 MHz的频率范围内使用几个微型针形压电传感器来监测样品。触发的声发射数据将以每通道高达50ms/S的采样速度被记录，连续数据将以高达10ms/S的采样速度被记录。高能脉冲器将与记录系统同步，并将产生将通过变形样品的已知脉冲，并将用于表征原位组织演变。研究人员将能够在样本体积内定位声发射，并测量p波速度的演变。这些数据将使我们对许多自然现象有基本的新认识，从地震活动、应力和应变对变质反应的影响，到应力对熔体取向和声波传播的影响等等，仅举几个可能的应用。PecLab是麻省理工学院和布朗大学之间成立的岩石变形合作组织(CORD)的一部分，将在那里安装设备。CORD的目标是鼓励和促进地球科学界更广泛的科学家参与实验性岩石变形研究。新开发的实验能力将服务于地球科学界，使任何感兴趣的访问者能够进行以前不可能进行的新研究。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。