Conference Proposal: Scientific Exploration of the Arctic and North Pacific (SEA-NorP)

会议提案：北极和北太平洋科学探索（SEA-NorP）

• 批准号: 1836410
• 负责人: Lindsay Worthington
• 金额: $ 2.47万
• 依托单位: University of New Mexico
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-06-15 至 2019-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1836410&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Conference; Proposal; Scientific; Exploration; Arctic

Better constraining the past climate and tectonic history of the North Pacific/Bering Sea/Arctic Ocean region is critical to understanding modern climatic changes as well as geologic hazards along the Alaskan margin. However, these regions are seriously under-sampled in terms of complete records of change over time, as recorded in marine sediments, which contain evidence of changes occurring in the oceans and on land. Such records can be collected via coring/drilling of seafloor sediments via the NSF-funded drill ship, the R/V Joides Resolution which serves the NSF International Ocean Discovery Program. This workshop improves coordination and maximizing/leveraging expensive ocean drilling expeditions and the science that comes from them. It draws together experts as well as scientists new to ocean drilling to evaluate best options for drilling based on critical scientific questions and existing site-characterization data needed to address them. The workshop specifically targets investigators with broad interests in the North Pacific, Bering Sea, and Arctic Ocean, as well as early career investigators. Potential topics include paleoceanographic reconstructions, changes in marine ecosystems across climate shifts, tectonics, volatile cycling and subduction and geohazards. The workshop involves a series of keynote talks, short visionary/lightning talks that spotlight early career scientists and those new to ocean drilling, and breakout sessions organized both around science themes and geographic sub-regions will develop targeted science questions. Funds are augmented by those the International Ocean Discovery Program US Science Support Program. Broader impacts include support of early career scientists to come to the meeting, leveraging assets of the NSF-funded ocean drilling program the NSF-funded GeoPRISMS program, and the emerging Subduction Zones in 4-Dimensions initiative. It will also enhance science planning intended to document geohazards and their frequency on the Aleutian arc and environs; and support of an early career faculty member in New Mexico, an EPSCoR state (a state that does not receive significant federal funding).Limited previous drilling in the North Pacific, Bering Sea, and Arctic Ocean hampers scientific understanding of fundamental Earth processes such as: (1) impacts of oceanic exchange between the Arctic and North Pacific Oceans on long-term climate evolution and the dynamics of rapid climate change as seen in marine sediment cores that allow reconstructions of changes in sea level, ocean salinity, temperature, sea-ice extent, and the response of marine ecosystems along this critical junction in the climate system; (2) understanding how ice and sea level respond to warming and cooling and differentiation among paleoenvironments such as grounded glacial ice, floating ice shelves, sea ice, and open waters; (3) documentation of the extent of eruptions, the long term history of the Aleutian islands and the evolution of the mantle magmatic source, histories that are an important starting point for understanding subduction and tectonics in the North Pacific; (4) studies of the time intervals and pattern of subduction zone earthquakes, which is critical for understanding megathrust locking behavior and the submarine landslides and tsunamis triggered by such events; and (5) improved understanding of marine ecosystem thresholds in response to climate change and different levels of atmospheric CO2, both in terms of surface productivity (such as seasonal phytoplankton blooms) and subsurface marine ecosystems during times of different CO2), sea surface temperature, and sea level boundary conditions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

更好地约束北太平洋/白令海/北冰洋区域过去的气候和构造历史对于理解现代气候变化以及沿着阿拉斯加边缘的地质灾害至关重要。然而，这些区域的采样严重不足，无法完整记录海洋沉积物中随时间变化的情况，而海洋沉积物中含有海洋和陆地发生变化的证据。 这些记录可以通过NSF资助的钻探船R/V Joides Resolution对海底沉积物进行取芯/钻探来收集，该船为NSF国际海洋发现计划提供服务。这个研讨会提高了协调和最大化/利用昂贵的海洋钻探探险和来自他们的科学。它汇集了海洋钻探的专家和科学家，根据关键的科学问题和解决这些问题所需的现有场地特征数据，评估钻探的最佳选择。 该研讨会专门针对对北太平洋，白令海和北冰洋有广泛兴趣的调查人员以及早期职业调查人员。潜在的主题包括古海洋学重建，气候变化中海洋生态系统的变化，构造，挥发性循环和俯冲以及地质灾害。该研讨会包括一系列主题演讲，简短的有远见的/闪电式的演讲，重点关注早期职业科学家和海洋钻探新手，以及围绕科学主题和地理次区域组织的分组会议将制定有针对性的科学问题。 国际海洋发现计划和美国科学支持计划也增加了基金.更广泛的影响包括支持早期职业科学家参加会议，利用NSF资助的海洋钻探计划的资产，NSF资助的GeoPRISMS计划，以及新兴的四维俯冲带计划。 它还将加强旨在记录阿留申弧及其周围地区地质灾害及其频率的科学规划;并支持EPSCoR州新墨西哥州的一名早期职业教师（一个没有得到大量联邦资助的州）。以前在北太平洋、白令海和北冰洋的有限钻探阻碍了对基本地球过程的科学理解，如：（1）北极和北太平洋之间的海洋交换对长期气候演变和快速气候变化动力学的影响，如海洋沉积物岩心所示，这些岩心可以重建海平面、海洋盐度、温度、海冰范围的变化，以及气候系统中沿着这一关键结合点的海洋生态系统的响应;（2）了解冰和海平面如何响应变暖和变冷以及古环境之间的分异，如地面冰川、浮冰架、海冰和开放沃茨;（3）阿留申群岛火山喷发的规模、长期历史和地幔岩浆源的演化;历史是理解北太平洋俯冲和构造的重要起点;（4）俯冲带地震的时间间隔和图象研究，这对于理解巨型逆冲断层锁定行为以及由此类事件引发的海底滑坡和海啸至关重要;以及（5）提高了对海洋生态系统阈值的理解，以响应气候变化和不同水平的大气CO2，无论是在表面生产力方面（如季节性浮游植物水华）和地下海洋生态系统在不同时期的二氧化碳），海表温度，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。