RoL: FELS: EAGER: Simple scaling rules that define how genome size constrains metabolism: a test among photosynthetic pathways

RoL：FELS：EAGER：定义基因组大小如何限制新陈代谢的简单缩放规则：光合作用途径之间的测试

• 批准号: 1838327
• 负责人: Kevin Simonin
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: San Francisco State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1838327&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RoL; FELS; EAGER; Simple; scaling

The coordination between changes in metabolism and cellular structure, and between genome size and cell size, have been widely observed across all life. The nature of these relationships and their implications for generating organismal diversity remain obscure. This project will address the gap in our understanding of this potential 'rule of life' by investigating how cellular anatomy and genome size of vascular plants evolve over time in correlation with changes in photosynthetic metabolism. Researchers will combine comparative anatomical, phylogenetic, and genomic data from across the vascular plant tree of life to clarify how changes in the basic structure of a genome -its size- relates to the size of cells and, subsequently, how individual cells and entire organisms process energy. The project will train undergraduate students, including individuals from under-represented groups, and facilitate collaboration among project team members having diverse expertise, most of whom are early-career researchers. Societal benefits of the research include the potential for discovering a new, fundamental scaling law in biology as well as new pathways for developing more productive agricultural crops.This project will test whether coordination between genome size, cell size, and metabolism represents a fundamental 'rule of life' that constrains the phenotypic diversity of organisms. Researchers will use vascular plants as a model system because its lineages have shifted repeatedly among C3, C4, and CAM photosynthetic metabolisms over evolutionary time and therefore provide multiple, independent tests of the overarching hypothesis. Researchers will determine the dependence of different photosynthetic metabolisms on genome-cellular allometry across about 360 vascular plants species that encompass multiple transitions among photosynthetic pathways. Sampling will include flowering plant clades known to have many C4 and CAM transitions, including the grass and bromeliad monocot families and the eudicot order containing cacti (Caryophyllales). Genome size and anatomical traits (leaf epidermal, guard cell and vein sizes and densities) will be quantified for all species. For a subset of species, the three-dimensional structure and organization of leaf cells will be measured using microCT imaging. Researchers will then characterize how vascular plant genomes have changed in size and composition by analyzing 288 whole plant genomes. Comparative analyses will reveal genomic architecture associated with shifts in photosynthetic metabolism and will uncover how early-diverging flowering plants reduced their genome size as compared to their gymnosperm relatives. Project outcomes will provide a direct test of genome-metabolic scaling as it applies to autotrophic metabolism and elucidate the evolutionary genetic mechanisms by which genomes expand and contract in response to selection on photosynthetic metabolism.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

代谢和细胞结构变化之间的协调，以及基因组大小和细胞大小之间的协调，在所有生命中都被广泛观察到。 这些关系的性质及其对产生生物多样性的影响仍然模糊不清。这个项目将通过研究维管植物的细胞解剖和基因组大小如何随着时间的推移与光合代谢的变化相关来解决我们对这种潜在的“生命规则”的理解中的差距。研究人员将结合联合收割机比较解剖学，系统发育和基因组数据，从整个生命的维管植物树，以澄清基因组的基本结构的变化-它的大小-与细胞的大小，以及随后，如何个别细胞和整个生物体处理能量。该项目将培训本科生，包括来自代表性不足群体的个人，并促进具有不同专业知识的项目团队成员之间的合作，其中大多数是早期职业研究人员。该研究的社会效益包括发现生物学中新的基本比例定律的潜力，以及开发更高产农作物的新途径。该项目将测试基因组大小、细胞大小和代谢之间的协调是否代表限制生物体表型多样性的基本“生命规则”。研究人员将使用维管植物作为模型系统，因为它的谱系在进化过程中在C3，C4和CAM光合代谢之间反复转移，因此提供了对总体假设的多个独立测试。研究人员将确定不同光合代谢对约360种维管植物基因组细胞异速生长的依赖性，这些植物包括光合途径之间的多种转换。采样将包括已知具有许多C4和CAM转换的开花植物分支，包括禾本科和凤梨科单子叶植物家族和包含仙人掌的真双子叶植物目（仙人掌目）。将对所有种属的基因组大小和解剖特征（叶表皮、保卫细胞和脉大小和密度）进行定量。对于一个子集的物种，三维结构和组织的叶细胞将使用microCT成像测量。然后，研究人员将通过分析288个完整的植物基因组来描述维管植物基因组在大小和组成上的变化。比较分析将揭示与光合代谢的变化相关的基因组结构，并揭示早期分化开花植物与裸子植物亲属相比如何减少其基因组大小。项目成果将提供一个直接的测试基因组代谢缩放，因为它适用于自养代谢和阐明进化遗传机制，基因组的扩大和收缩，以响应光合代谢的选择。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准的支持。

项目成果

Reintegrating Biology Through the Nexus of Energy, Information, and Matter

通过能量、信息和物质的联系重新整合生物学

• DOI: 10.1093/icb/icab174
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Integrative and Comparative Biology
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: Hoke, Kim L;Zimmer, Sara L;Roddy, Adam B;Ondrechen, Mary Jo;Williamson, Craig E;Buan, Nicole R
• 通讯作者: Buan, Nicole R

The Scaling of Genome Size and Cell Size Limits Maximum Rates of Photosynthesis with Implications for Ecological Strategies

• DOI: 10.1086/706186
• 发表时间: 2020-01-01
• 期刊: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES
• 影响因子: 2.3
• 作者: Roddy, Adam B.;Theroux-Rancourt, Guillaume;Simonin, Kevin A.
• 通讯作者: Simonin, Kevin A.