RoL: FELS: RAISE: Does everyone's microbiome follow the same rules?

RoL：FELS：RAISE：每个人的微生物组都遵循相同的规则吗？

• 批准号: 1840223
• 负责人: Elizabeth Archie
• 金额: $ 56.5万
• 依托单位: University of Notre Dame
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-15 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1840223&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RoL; FELS; RAISE; Does; everyone

Gut microbiomes are diverse microbial communities that play important roles in mammal physiology and health. However, scientists do not yet understand the rules that govern gut microbiome changes (such as how gut microbiomes change over time), or whether these rules are the same or different in different individuals. The goal of this project is to discover if gut microbiome dynamics are "universal" - that is, the same across hosts - or if these microbial changes are host-specific, such that each host's microbiome follows its own rules. Discovering whether each host's microbiome follows its own rules is relevant to human and animal health. If microbiome dynamics are universal, scientists can use these rules to design microbiome therapies that work the same way in different individuals. On the other hand, if these microbes are unique to each individual, then interventions to improve human or animal health must be designed separately for each individual. The work has benefits to broadening participation in STEM education through training in the investigators' labs and an educational outreach project with a public high school in Indiana. In addition, the researchers will make all statistical methods and code available online for use by other microbiome researchers and microbial ecologists.Scientists are currently unable to test if gut microbiome dynamics are universal because they lack both the data and the statistical methods to analyze the data. This project overcomes these problems in two ways. First, it will develop new statistical theory and methods to jointly model multiple, highly multidimensional data sets such as those for microbiomes. Second, it will leverage an exceptional, longitudinal microbiome dataset, consisting of over 20,000 16S rRNA gene sequencing profiles on gut microbiome composition, generated for more than 500 wild baboons over a 15-year span. To these microbial composition data, this project will add data on the longitudinal, functional genetic dynamics of the gut microbiome via metagenomic sequencing. The baboons have been the subject of continuous, individual-based studies of baboon behavior and ecology for 47 years. As a result, this project has information on all of the covariates necessary to understand gut microbial dynamics, including the baboons' diets, abiotic environments, social interactions, and composition of the microbial communities themselves. The results of this project will be directly applicable to applied research on mammalian gut microbiomes aimed at improving gut microbiome function to improve host health.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

肠道微生物是多种微生物群落，在哺乳动物生理和健康中起着重要作用。但是，科学家尚不了解控制肠道微生物组变化的规则（例如肠道微生物组随时间变化的变化），或者在不同个体中这些规则是相同或不同的。该项目的目的是发现肠道微生物组动力学是否为“通用” - 也就是说，在主机之间相同 - 或这些微生物更改是特定于主机的，因此每个主机的微生物组都遵循其自身的规则。发现每个宿主的微生物组是否遵循自己的规则与人类和动物健康有关。如果微生物组动态是通用的，科学家可以使用这些规则来设计以不同个体相同方式工作的微生物组疗法。另一方面，如果这些微生物是每个人所独有的，则必须为每个人分开设计以改善人类或动物健康的干预措施。这项工作通过在印第安纳州的一所公立高中进行调查人员实验室的培训和一个教育外展项目来扩大对STEM教育的好处。 此外，研究人员将使所有微生物组研究人员和微生物生态学家在线使用所有统计方法和代码。Scientists目前无法测试肠道微生物组动力学是否通用，因为它们缺乏分析数据的数据和统计方法。该项目通过两种方式克服了这些问题。首先，它将开发新的统计理论和方法，以共同对多个高度多维数据集建模，例如微生物组。其次，它将利用一个特殊的纵向微生物组数据集，该数据集由肠道微生物组组成上的20,000多个16S rRNA基因测序曲线组成，在15年的时间内生成了500多个野生狒狒。对于这些微生物组成数据，该项目将通过元基因组测序添加有关肠道微生物组的纵向功能遗传动力学的数据。狒狒一直是对狒狒行为和生态学的连续，基于个人的研究的主题，已有47年的历史。结果，该项目具有有关了解肠道微生物动态所需的所有协变量的信息，包括狒狒的饮食，非生物环境，社交互动以及微生物群落本身的组成。该项目的结果将直接适用于旨在改善肠道微生物组功能以改善宿主健康的哺乳动物肠道微生物的应用研究。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准来通过评估来获得支持的。

项目成果

Universal gut microbial relationships in the 1 gut microbiome of wild baboons

野生狒狒第一个肠道微生物群中普遍的肠道微生物关系

• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: bioRxiv
• 作者: Roche, K.E.;Björk, JR.;Dasari, M.;Grieneisen, L.;Gould, T.J.;Jansen, D.;Gesquiere, L.R.;Barreiro, L.B.;Alberts, S.C.;Gilbert, J.A.
• 通讯作者: Gilbert, J.A.