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The influence of feature salience over microsaccades in normal and blindsight humans and monkeys: an experimental and theoretical investigation

特征显着性对正常和盲视人类和猴子微扫视的影响：实验和理论研究

基本信息

批准号：
235772571
负责人：
Professor Dr. Ziad Hafed, Ph.D.
金额：
--
依托单位：
Werner Reichardt-Centrum für integrative Neurowissenschaften (CIN)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2012-12-31 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/235772571?language=en
关键词：
influence feature salience over microsaccades

项目摘要

Microsaccades are tiny saccadic eye movements that take place during periods of gaze fixation. Even though the detailed mechanisms for microsaccade generation, as well as their functional role in vision, are not fully understood, recent research has revealed that these eye movements can act as an important proxy for larger saccades in understanding several aspects of perception and cognition. One such aspect concerns the relationship between selective visual attention and eye movements, in which it was shown that microsaccades, in contrast to their classic description as random and spontaneous, are related to attention. The neural mechanisms for such a relationship are not fully understood, and its characteristics in pathological states of vision are completely unexplored. The purpose of the proposed research is to understand how feature salience that is commonly included in models of selective visual attention can influence microsaccades. We will approach this problem by using a combination of behavioral, neurophysiological, lesion, and computational modeling techniques. We will conduct model-driven experiments designed to titrate the effects of feature salience, as predicted computationally, on microsaccades. These experiments will then ultimately culminate in a comprehensive neural network model of microsaccade generation that takes into account the important roles of visual salience and attention in influencing these tiny eye movements. We will specifically compare the possible distinct roles of primary visual cortex (V1) and superior colliculus (SC) in mediating vision in the normal state, as well as during V1 lesions. By selectively probing two distinct pathways for vision (one through V1 and one bypassing it), not only will we understand the influence of feature salience on the smallest possible saccades, but we will also identify the opportunities and challenges faced by blindsight patients (who lose V1 function), and ultimately provide guidelines on how these patients may optimize their quality of life despite their loss of conscious vision

微扫视是在注视期间发生的微小眼球扫视运动。尽管微扫视生成的详细机制及其在视觉中的功能作用尚未完全了解，但最近的研究表明，这些眼球运动可以作为较大扫视的重要代理，以理解感知和认知的多个方面。其中一个方面涉及选择性视觉注意力和眼球运动之间的关系，其中表明，微眼跳与其随机和自发的经典描述相反，与注意力有关。这种关系的神经机制尚未完全了解，其在视觉病理状态下的特征也完全未被探索。拟议研究的目的是了解选择性视觉注意模型中通常包含的特征显着性如何影响微眼跳。我们将结合使用行为、神经生理学、病变和计算建模技术来解决这个问题。我们将进行模型驱动的实验，旨在滴定特征显着性（如计算预测的那样）对微跳视的影响。这些实验最终将形成一个微扫视生成的综合神经网络模型，该模型考虑了视觉显着性和注意力在影响这些微小眼球运动中的重要作用。我们将特别比较初级视觉皮层 (V1) 和上丘 (SC) 在正常状态下以及 V1 病变期间调节视力中可能的不同作用。通过选择性地探测两条不同的视觉通路（一条通过 V1，一条绕过它），我们不仅将了解特征显着性对最小可能眼跳的影响，而且还将确定盲视患者（失去 V1 功能）所面临的机遇和挑战，并最终为这些患者在失去意识视力的情况下如何优化他们的生活质量提供指导