SBIR Phase I: Identification of disease resistance traits to improve the productivity and sustainability of soybean cultivation

SBIR 第一阶段：鉴定抗病性状以提高大豆种植的生产力和可持续性

• 批准号: 1844088
• 负责人: Alex Schultink
• 金额: $ 22.5万
• 依托单位: Fortiphyte, Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-02-01 至 2020-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1844088&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; Identification; disease; resistance

The broader impact/commercial potential of this Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project is to improve the productivity and environmental sustainability of soybean cultivation. Soybean is the most widely grown crop in the United States with nearly 90 million acres under cultivation. Soybean is a key part of the food system and generates $22 billion in export revenue each year. One of the greatest threats to soybean production is the fungal pathogen known as Asian Soybean Rust. Current commercial soybean varieties have no resistance to this pathogen and over $2 billion is spent annually on fungicides to control this disease. While soybean is highly susceptible to this disease, many wild plant species have natural resistance to this pathogen. This project seeks to identify the naturally occurring mechanisms of disease resistance in wild plant species that can be used to develop disease-resistant soybean varieties. Adoption of these varieties is expected to bring more than $4 billion in value to the soybean industry while improving productivity and reducing fungicide use.The intellectual merit of this SBIR Phase I project is to identify plant immune receptor proteins that confer disease resistance to Asian Soybean Rust, which is caused by the fungal pathogen Phakopsora pachyrhizi. A key determinant of whether or not a plant is resistant to a particular pathogen is whether the plant has an appropriate immune receptor protein capable of recognizing the presence of the invading pathogen. Once activated, plant immune receptors trigger plant defense responses that typically result in immunity. This project will use reverse genetic and biochemical approaches to identify plant immune receptor proteins that confer resistance to Asian Soybean Rust. Preliminary work identified several molecules from Phakopsora that elicit an immune response in non-host plant species. The goal is to identify the cognate immune receptors and test them for sufficiency to enable immune activation in response to Asian Soybean Rust elicitor molecules. This research will enable future work to the development soybean varieties with resistance to Asian Soybean Rust.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这个小企业创新研究（SBIR）第一阶段项目的更广泛的影响/商业潜力是提高大豆种植的生产力和环境可持续性。大豆是美国种植最广泛的作物，种植面积近9000万英亩。大豆是粮食系统的重要组成部分，每年产生220亿美元的出口收入。对大豆生产的最大威胁之一是被称为亚洲大豆锈病的真菌病原体。目前的商业大豆品种对这种病原体没有抗性，每年花费超过20亿美元用于杀真菌剂以控制这种疾病。虽然大豆对这种疾病高度易感，但许多野生植物物种对这种病原体具有天然抗性。该项目旨在确定野生植物物种中自然发生的抗病机制，可用于开发抗病大豆品种。这些品种的采用预计将为大豆产业带来超过40亿美元的价值，同时提高生产力并减少杀菌剂的使用。SBIR第一阶段项目的智力价值是鉴定植物免疫受体蛋白，赋予对亚洲大豆锈病的抗病性，这是由真菌病原体豆薯层锈菌引起的。植物是否对特定病原体具有抗性的关键决定因素是植物是否具有能够识别入侵病原体存在的适当免疫受体蛋白。一旦被激活，植物免疫受体触发植物防御反应，通常导致免疫。该项目将使用反向遗传和生物化学方法来鉴定赋予对亚洲大豆锈病抗性的植物免疫受体蛋白。初步工作从层锈菌中鉴定出了几种在非宿主植物物种中引起免疫反应的分子。目的是鉴定同源免疫受体，并测试它们是否足以使免疫激活响应亚洲大豆锈病激发子分子。这项研究将使未来的工作，以发展大豆品种的抗亚洲大豆锈病。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得支持的评估使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。