SBIR Phase II: Identification of disease resistance traits to improve the productivity and sustainability of soybean cultivation

SBIR 第二阶段：鉴定抗病性状以提高大豆种植的生产力和可持续性

• 批准号: 2112394
• 负责人: Alex Schultink
• 金额: $ 99.19万
• 依托单位: Fortiphyte, Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2112394&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; II; Identification; disease

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2). The broader impact of this Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase II project is to improve the productivity, environmental sustainability, and profitability of soybean cultivation. Soybean cultivation is a major driver of rainforest deforestation, motivating improved yields for environmental sustainability. In addition, current commercial soybean varieties are highly susceptible to Asian soybean rust, an aggressive fungal disease that is especially severe in tropical and subtropical climates and can decimate soybean yield. This disease is controlled by chemical fungicides that are expensive, pose risks to the environment and human health, and are becoming less effective as the pathogen develops tolerance to over-used chemicals. This project will enable the development of soybean varieties immune to this disease. This will reduce the need for fungicide use in soybean cultivation, reduce yield loss caused by the pathogen, and improve grower profitability. In addition, this technology can be expanded to other crops.The proposed project will result in the identification of new plant disease resistance traits with activity against the pathogen that causes Asian soybean rust. The typical plant species has hundreds of immune receptor genes which surveil for the presence of invading pathogens. Plant breeders routinely use plant immune receptor genes to develop new disease-resistant crop varieties. However, traditional methods to identify and translate these traits are time-consuming. The proposed work utilizes a rapid gene discovery platform to accelerate identification of new disease resistance traits. This project will identify and test several resistance traits. The identification and cloning of these resistance gene sequences will allow them to be quickly moved into elite soybean varieties, resulting in significant time and labor savings relative to traditional breeding. These traits can be stacked together to confer durable resistance against a broad range of Asian soybean rust strains.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项是根据2021年《美国救援计划法》（公法117-2）全部或部分资助的。 这项小型企业创新研究（SBIR）第二阶段项目的更广泛影响是提高生产率，环境可持续性和大豆种植的盈利能力。大豆种植是雨林森林砍伐的主要驱动力，促使环境可持续性提高产量。 此外，当前的商业大豆品种非常容易受到亚洲大豆锈病的影响，亚洲大豆锈病是一种侵略性的真菌疾病，在热带和亚热带气候中尤其严重，可以降低大豆产量。该疾病受到昂贵的化学杀菌剂的控制，对环境和人类健康构成风险，并且随着病原体对过度使用的化学物质的耐受性而变得越来越有效。该项目将使大豆品种的发展对这种疾病免疫。这将减少在大豆种植中使用杀菌剂的需求，减少病原体引起的产量损失，并提高种植者的盈利能力。此外，该技术可以扩展到其他农作物。拟议的项目将导致新的植物性疾病耐药性特征，其活性针对导致亚洲大豆生锈的病原体。典型的植物物种具有数百种免疫受体基因，可监测存在入侵病原体的存在。植物育种者通常使用植物免疫受体基因开发新的抗病作物品种。但是，识别和翻译这些特征的传统方法是耗时的。拟议的工作利用一个快速的基因发现平台来加速对新疾病性状的识别。该项目将识别并测试几种阻力特征。这些抗性基因序列的识别和克隆将使它们迅速转移到精英大豆品种中，从而相对于传统繁殖，从而节省了大量时间和劳动力。这些特征可以堆叠在一起，以赋予对广泛的亚洲大豆生锈菌株的持久抵抗。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，被认为值得通过评估来支持。