CAREER: Josephson Quantum Optics with Coherent Microwave Light

职业：约瑟夫森量子光学与相干微波光

• 批准号: 1847025
• 负责人: Michael Hatridge
• 金额: $ 55.64万
• 依托单位: University of Pittsburgh
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1847025&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Josephson; Quantum; Optics; Coherent

Quantum computers promise to run algorithms which are exponentially faster than their fastest known classical counterparts, as well as simulate general quantum systems. This is especially exciting in the fields of biology and chemistry where understanding complex molecules may open new avenues, for instance in drug discovery and solar cells, as well as basic research. A number of physical platforms for quantum computing exist, with two of the leading methods being optical-frequency light interacting with atomic systems (known as quantum optics) and microwave-frequency light interacting with superconducting, Josephson-junction based circuits. While each method has unique virtues, neither is yet capable of realizing large-scale quantum machines. Further, the two platforms cannot be readily combined in a single quantum circuit due to their vastly different frequencies of operation and materials requirements. This CAREER project will leverage the extreme flexibility of superconducting circuits to adapt techniques and concepts from quantum optics into a new series of hybrid devices which may be referred to as "Josephson Quantum Optics". This project will produce devices which can power a new generation of quantum machines, as well as support graduate student training in cutting-edge quantum microwave design techniques. Superconducting quantum circuits, which combine low-loss superconducting microwave elements with the nonlinear inductance of Josephson junctions, are a leading platform for realizing quantum machines, having made great progress in recent years in demonstrating the basic requirements of quantum computing. Large scale, error-free quantum computers, however, require encoding their bits of information logically across a number of physical bits so that no single error can destroy them, resulting in a huge expansion in the number of circuit elements required to build a quantum computer. An architecture in which quantum elements are linked over long distances (a specialty of the field of atomic physics and quantum optics), rather than only to their nearest neighbors, can greatly reduce the hardware overhead required to correct errors. This project will draw heavily from concepts in optical-frequency quantum optics as well as bath engineering to develop devices which generate and detect novel states of quantum light in ways that are tolerant of loss and circuit imperfections. Project research aims include the development of dc-driven highly-coherent qubit-based micromasers and an absorptive, highly-efficient Fock-state detector. The devices and concepts proposed here will advance our ability to build large, error corrected superconducting circuits.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

量子计算机有望运行比已知最快的经典计算机快指数级的算法，并模拟一般的量子系统。这在生物学和化学领域尤其令人兴奋，在这些领域，理解复杂分子可能会开辟新的途径，例如在药物发现和太阳能电池以及基础研究方面。 存在许多用于量子计算的物理平台，其中两种领先的方法是光频光与原子系统相互作用（称为量子光学）和微波频率光与基于约瑟夫森结的超导电路相互作用。 虽然每种方法都有其独特的优点，但它们都无法实现大规模的量子机器。此外，这两个平台不能容易地组合在单个量子电路中，因为它们的操作频率和材料要求大不相同。 这个CAREER项目将利用超导电路的极端灵活性，将量子光学的技术和概念应用到一系列新的混合设备中，这些设备可能被称为“约瑟夫森量子光学”。 该项目将生产能够为新一代量子机器提供动力的设备，并支持尖端量子微波设计技术的研究生培训。 将低损耗超导微波元件与约瑟夫森结的非线性电感相结合的联合收割机超导量子电路是实现量子机器的领先平台，近年来在论证量子计算的基本要求方面取得了很大进展。 然而，大规模、无错误的量子计算机需要在多个物理位上对它们的信息位进行逻辑编码，这样就没有一个错误可以破坏它们，从而导致构建量子计算机所需的电路元件数量大幅增加。 一种量子元件被长距离链接的架构（原子物理学和量子光学领域的一个专长），而不仅仅是它们最近的邻居，可以大大减少纠正错误所需的硬件开销。 该项目将大量借鉴光频量子光学和浴工程的概念，以开发以容忍损耗和电路缺陷的方式产生和检测量子光的新状态的设备。 项目研究目标包括开发直流驱动的高相干量子位微脉泽和吸收型高效Fock态探测器。这里提出的设备和概念将提高我们建造大型纠错超导电路的能力。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。