CAREER: Enabling Non-Line-of-Sight Imaging with Terahertz Holography

职业：利用太赫兹全息技术实现非视距成像

• 批准号: 1847138
• 负责人: Georgios Trichopoulos
• 金额: $ 50万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-03-01 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1847138&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Enabling; Non; Line; Sight

Title: Non-line-of-Sight Imaging Using Terahertz WavesAbstract:This work is focused on using terahertz (THz) waves to implement cameras that see hidden objects. THz waves are extremely high frequency signals (100 GHz 10 THz) that enable unique imaging capabilities. Unless looking into a well-polished surface, human eyes and regular cameras can only discern objects that are in the line of sight, therefore an object located around a corner is not visible. On the other hand, terahertz (THz) waves exhibit strong reflections from common building surfaces. Using THz cameras walls or doors can appear as mirrors, thus allowing to peek inside rooms and cavities otherwise hidden from direct sight. Such capability will augment vision and situational awareness of first responders and rescuers in unreachable and uncharted environments. Interestingly, non-line-sight imaging capabilities could be leveraged from the next generation of ultra-fast wireless communication systems. Future communication systems will be equipped with antennas that can operate as cameras and transfer data. The synergy of THz communications and imaging will enable uninterrupted links and user mobility. Additionally, non-line-of-sight imaging will enable localization of users with centimeter-level accuracy for applications in virtual/augmented reality or assisted healthcare. The proposed project will also emphasize on educating a broader audience of high school, undergraduate, and graduate students. With the use of augmented reality headsets, the students will implement software that allows the visualization of THz imaging capabilities in the real-world. Additionally, the PI will collaborate with local first responders and military veterans to educate them through workshops on the capabilities and opportunities of the new imaging technology.The goal of this research is to design image reconstruction algorithms and hardware topologies that will enable real-time, 3D THz imaging of both line-of-sight (LoS) and non-line-of-sight (NLoS) objects from a single observation point. The five-year career-development plan has the following objectives: 1) Analyze the mechanisms that distort images in multipath imaging and implement algorithms to invert the process for accurate image reconstruction. 2) Design topologies for NLoS THz imaging and understand the requirements for communication and imaging coexistence. 3) Implement methods for simultaneous localization and mapping and synergy between imaging and communication protocols for efficient channel estimation. The intellectual merit of this work is to understand wavefront distortions of THz waves in multipath and multi-reflection scenarios and use this knowledge to implement inverse scattering methods to reconstruct images from backscattered signals. This knowledge will also help us understand the hardware imaging requirements and how NLoS imaging can collaborate with communication hardware for novel applications. Using the 3D images of the surrounding, the proposed research will provide a new approach for channel estimation for the next generation of ultrafast wireless communications. In the long term, this research will contribute to the national security by enabling first response, surveillance and reconnaissance in hostile and uncharted environment, allow autonomous navigation in crowed spaces, and provide a path for the integration of imaging and communications for faster wireless data transmission.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

职务名称：利用太赫兹波的非视线成像摘要：这项工作的重点是利用太赫兹（THz）波实现相机，看到隐藏的对象。太赫兹波是极高频信号（100 GHz 10 THz），可实现独特的成像功能。除非观察抛光良好的表面，否则人眼和普通相机只能分辨视线内的物体，因此位于拐角处的物体是不可见的。另一方面，太赫兹（THz）波从普通建筑物表面表现出强烈的反射。使用太赫兹相机，墙壁或门可以像镜子一样出现，从而允许窥视房间和洞穴内部，否则会隐藏在直接视线之外。这种能力将增强第一反应者和救援人员在无法到达和未知环境中的视觉和态势感知。有趣的是，下一代超高速无线通信系统可以利用非直线视线成像能力。未来的通信系统将配备天线，可以作为摄像机和传输数据。太赫兹通信和成像的协同作用将实现不间断的链接和用户移动性。此外，非视线成像将使用户定位具有厘米级精度，适用于虚拟/增强现实或辅助医疗保健应用。拟议的项目还将强调教育更广泛的高中生，本科生和研究生。通过使用增强现实耳机，学生们将实现允许在现实世界中可视化THz成像功能的软件。此外，PI还将与当地急救人员和退伍军人合作，通过研讨会向他们介绍新成像技术的能力和机遇。这项研究的目标是设计图像重建算法和硬件拓扑，以便从单个观察点对视距（LoS）和非视距（NLoS）物体进行实时3D THz成像。五年职业发展计划有以下目标：1）分析多路径成像中扭曲图像的机制，并实现算法来反转精确图像重建的过程。2)设计NLoS THz成像的拓扑结构，了解通信和成像共存的要求。3)实施同时定位和映射的方法以及成像和通信协议之间的协同作用，以实现有效的信道估计。这项工作的智力价值是了解太赫兹波在多径和多反射情况下的波前失真，并使用这些知识来实现逆散射方法，从后向散射信号重建图像。这些知识还将帮助我们了解硬件成像要求以及NLoS成像如何与通信硬件协作以实现新的应用。利用周围环境的3D图像，所提出的研究将为下一代超快无线通信的信道估计提供一种新的方法。从长远来看，这项研究将有助于国家安全，使第一反应，监视和侦察在敌对和未知的环境，允许自主导航在拥挤的空间，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值进行评估，被认为值得支持和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

High-yield fabrication method for high-frequency graphene devices using titanium sacrificial layers

使用钛牺牲层的高频石墨烯器件的高产率制造方法

• DOI: 10.1116/1.5098324
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B
• 影响因子: 1.4
• 作者: Theofanopoulos, Panagiotis C.;Ageno, Scott;Guo, Yuqi;Kale, Suneet;Wang, Qing Hua;Trichopoulos, Georgios C.
• 通讯作者: Trichopoulos, Georgios C.

Comparison of Propagation Losses in THz and Optical Non-Line-of-Sight Imaging

• DOI: 10.1109/apusncursinrsm.2019.8888705
• 发表时间: 2019-07
• 期刊: 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting
• 作者: Yiran Cui;G. Trichopoulos

Fabrication and Characterization of a 900-Element 222.5 GHz Single-bit Reflective Surface with Suppressed Quantization Lobes

具有抑制量化波瓣的 900 元件 222.5 GHz 单比特反射表面的制造和表征

• DOI: 10.23919/usnc-ursinrsm51531.2021.9336511
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: 2021 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM
• 作者: Kashyap, Bharath G.;Theofanopoulos, Panagiotis C.;Cui, Yiran;Trichopoulos, Georgios C.
• 通讯作者: Trichopoulos, Georgios C.

Mitigating Quantization Lobes in mmWave Low-Bit Reconfigurable Reflective Surfaces

• DOI: 10.1109/ojap.2020.3034049
• 发表时间: 2020-01-01
• 期刊: IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
• 影响因子: 4
• 作者: Kashyap, Bharath G.;Theofanopoulos, Panagiotis C.;Trichopoulos, Georgios C.
• 通讯作者: Trichopoulos, Georgios C.

On-Wafer Graphene Devices for THz Applications Using a High-Yield Fabrication Process

采用高产量制造工艺的太赫兹应用晶圆上石墨烯器件

• DOI: 10.1109/mwsym.2019.8701093
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: 2019 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS
• 作者: Theofanopoulos, Panagiotis C.;Trichopoulos, Georgios C.
• 通讯作者: Trichopoulos, Georgios C.