CAREER: Mathematical Modeling, Physical Experiments, and Biological Data for Understanding Flow Interactions in Collective Locomotion

职业：通过数学建模、物理实验和生物数据来理解集体运动中的流相互作用

• 批准号: 1847955
• 负责人: Leif Ristroph
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-06-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1847955&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Mathematical; Modeling; Physical; Experiments

This project aims to understand how animals moving together, such as fish schools and bird flocks, make use of the flows of water or air generated during swimming or flying to achieve benefits as a group that are not possible as individuals. These benefits occur through interactions of each individual with the flows produced by others and may take the form of energy savings or speed enhancement. Also to be explored are more subtle aspects of flow interactions such as maintaining or holding together a group, preventing collisions, establishing natural formations or patterns of individuals, and communication through motions that spread across the group. The research work will combine mathematical descriptions of the motions of individuals and the surrounding fluid (water or air), laboratory experiments on "robotic flocks" of motorized swimmers or flyers, and the analysis of video footage of birds flying in formations. The different approaches will allow for a complete understanding of the fluid-dynamical interactions in a group as well as insights into how animals exploit or modify such mechanisms. The work thus stands to clarify the role of flows in animal groups and in so doing also suggest how such effects can be exploited in applications such as flow energy harvesting and efficient propulsion. Additionally, education and outreach programs will train high school students, university undergraduate and graduate students in STEM research and especially the important role of mathematics in the natural and engineering sciences.Specifically, physical experiments on mechanical swimmers, flow-locomotor interaction models and simulations, and crowd-sourced biological data will be combined interactively and applied towards understanding formation swimming and flying. Research will start with the detailed interrogation of few-body systems in order to cross-validate all approaches and to understand fundamental mechanisms. Experiments and simulations will inform models based on vortex-body interactions, and comparison against biological measurements will inform behavioral models in the context of formation flight of birds. Many-body systems of in-line arrays will then be studied, with all methods used to understand principles, for example through analogies to conventional states of matter, in which aspects such as group cohesion, crystallization or other patterning, dynamical instabilities, and information transfer will be explored. Biologically-relevant issues including self-organization and collective advantages will also be studied, and structural and dynamical metrics will be established and tested. The educational effort will include a graduate course on the constructive interaction of experiment with math modeling and a summer research camp that will engage underprivileged NYC high school students in STEM research. Students at all levels will be recruited from courses to become directly involved in research, and the wider public will be engaged as citizen-scientists through crowd-sourcing campaigns.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目旨在了解鱼群和鸟群等一起移动的动物如何利用游泳或飞行过程中产生的水流或气流来实现作为一个群体而不可能作为个体获得的利益。这些好处是通过每个人与其他人产生的流动的相互作用而产生的，并可能以节省能源或提高速度的形式出现。还需要探索的是心流互动的更微妙的方面，例如维持或保持一个群体，防止碰撞，建立自然的形成或个人模式，以及通过在群体中传播的运动进行交流。这项研究工作将结合联合收割机对个人和周围流体（水或空气）运动的数学描述，对机动游泳者或飞行者的“机器人群”的实验室实验，以及对鸟类编队飞行的视频片段的分析。不同的方法将允许一个完整的理解流体动力学的相互作用在一个组，以及洞察动物如何利用或修改这些机制。因此，这项工作有助于澄清流动在动物群体中的作用，同时也表明了如何在流动能量收集和高效推进等应用中利用这种效应。此外，教育和推广计划将培训高中生、大学本科生和研究生进行STEM研究，特别是数学在自然科学和工程科学中的重要作用。具体而言，机械游泳者的物理实验、流动运动相互作用模型和模拟以及众包生物数据将以交互方式结合起来，并应用于理解编队游泳和飞行。研究将从对少体系统的详细询问开始，以交叉验证所有方法并了解基本机制。实验和模拟将为基于涡体相互作用的模型提供信息，与生物测量的比较将为鸟类编队飞行的行为模型提供信息。然后将研究多体系统的直线阵列，所有的方法都用于理解原理，例如通过类比物质的常规状态，其中将探索诸如组凝聚力，结晶或其他模式，动力学不稳定性和信息传递等方面。生物相关的问题，包括自组织和集体优势也将进行研究，并建立和测试结构和动态指标。教育工作将包括一个关于实验与数学建模的建设性互动的研究生课程，以及一个暑期研究营，该夏令营将吸引纽约市贫困高中学生参与STEM研究。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Lateral flow interactions enhance speed and stabilize formations of flapping swimmers

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevfluids.7.l061101
• 发表时间: 2022-06
• 期刊: Physical Review Fluids
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Joel W. Newbolt;Jun Zhang;Leif Ristroph

Flow Rectification in Loopy Network Models of Bird Lungs

鸟肺环路网络模型中的流动校正

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.114501
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Physical Review Letters
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Nguyen, Quynh M.;Oza, Anand U.;Abouezzi, Joanna;Sun, Guanhua;Childress, Stephen;Frederick, Christina;Ristroph, Leif
• 通讯作者: Ristroph, Leif

Hydrodynamics of finite-length pipes at intermediate Reynolds numbers

中间雷诺数下有限长度管道的流体动力学

• DOI: 10.1017/jfm.2023.99
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Fluid Mechanics
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Pomerenk, Olivia;Carrillo Segura, Simon;Cao, Fangning;Wu, Jiajie;Ristroph, Leif
• 通讯作者: Ristroph, Leif

Lattices of Hydrodynamically Interacting Flapping Swimmers

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevx.9.041024
• 发表时间: 2019-11-01
• 期刊: PHYSICAL REVIEW X
• 影响因子: 12.5
• 作者: Oza, Anand U.;Ristroph, Leif;Shelley, Michael J.
• 通讯作者: Shelley, Michael J.