CRII: CSR: Programmable Heterogeneous Memory Systems via Multiple Address Spaces and RAM Lake

计算机系统存储越来越大量的数据。计算机性能的主要限制因素是从内存中检索数据，而不是数据处理。同时，这些系统集成了各种物理存储技术，增加了数据检索的复杂性。该项目将对计算系统硬件进行新的改进，以通过解决两个初始问题来提高具有许多内存技术的系统中的数据检索性能：如何有效地在存储器技术之间移动数据，以及如何为程序员和硬件系统灵活地表示不同类型的数据。本项目将产生新的硬件机制和软件接口，以提高性能并简化异构存储器系统的编程。此外，这项工作将通过深入研究当前和新兴的系统和应用程序，扩大对软件如何使用这些新生的异构内存系统的理解。这项工作将分为两个主要方面。首先，设计新的硬件支持，用于细粒度的用户导向和系统导向的数据移动，其次，设计多地址空间的硬件支持，以改善程序员和系统软件与异构存储器的接口。从数据中心和超级计算机到移动的设备和物联网系统的计算系统正在处理越来越多的数据，这正在推动向异构存储器系统发展的趋势。拟议的研究将提高这些计算系统的性能和可用性。这项研究将通过会议出版物、软件库和公共网站上的博客文章向科学界和公众展示。此外，该项目将开发一个关于异构系统编程的高年级本科生/入门研究生课程。通过这项研究产生的所有数据，软件和其他工件将通过第三方存储库（如GitHub和云服务提供商）进行仔细管理和存档。软件工件将使用可公开访问的历史跟踪版本控制系统无限期维护。可以通过重新运行模拟软件重新生成的数据将保留至少五年，以及可预见的未来。包含所使用的模拟器、生成的代码和发布结果中使用的数据的存储库的链接可以在www.example.com上找到https://arch.cs.ucdavis.edu/projects/heterogeneous-memory.This奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。

Computer systems store an increasingly vast amount of data. The major limiting factor for computer performance is data retrieval from memory, not data processing. At the same time, these systems integrate various physical storage technologies adding complexity to data retrieval. The project will develop new improvements to computing system hardware to increase data retrieval performance in systems with many memory technologies by addressing two initial questions: how to move data between memory technologies efficiently and how to represent different types of data flexibly for both the programmer and the hardware system.This project will produce new hardware mechanisms and software interfaces that will increase the performance and simplify the programming of heterogeneous memory systems. Additionally, the work will expand the understanding of how software will use these nascent heterogeneous memory systems by deeply studying current and emerging systems and applications. This work will be broken into two main thrusts. First, designing novel hardware support for fine-grained user-directed and system-directed data movement, and second, designing hardware support for multiple address spaces to improve the interfaces to heterogeneous memory for programmers and system software.Computing systems ranging from datacenters and supercomputers to mobile devices and Internet-of-Things systems are processing an increasing amount of data, which is driving the trend toward heterogeneous memory systems. The proposed research will increase the performance and usability of these computing systems. This research will be presented to the scientific community and the public through conference publications, software repositories, and blog posts on a public website. Additionally, this project will develop an upper-divisional undergraduate/introductory graduate class on programming heterogeneous systems.All data, software, and other artifacts generated through this research will be carefully managed and archived through third party repositories such as GitHub and cloud service providers. The software artifacts will be maintained indefinitely using publicly accessible history tracking version control systems. Data that can be regenerated by re-running simulation software will be kept for at least five years, as well as the foreseeable future. Links to repositories containing the simulators used, code produced, and data used in the published results can be found at https://arch.cs.ucdavis.edu/projects/heterogeneous-memory.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.