Belmont Forum Collaborative Research: Scenarios for providing multiple ecosystem services and biodiversity in viticultural landscapes

贝尔蒙特论坛合作研究：在葡萄栽培景观中提供多种生态系统服务和生物多样性的情景

• 批准号: 1850943
• 负责人: Daniel Karp
• 金额: $ 17.95万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-03-01 至 2023-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1850943&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Belmont; Forum; Collaborative; Research; Scenarios

Innovative research on the complex interaction of socio-economic and global environmental trends of biodiversity and ecosystem services is needed to help develop more informative scenarios for addressing environmental and human development challenges. To overcome these challenges coupled natural-human systems approaches and analyses are needed. These provide improved scenarios of biodiversity and ecosystem services that couple the outputs of direct and indirect drivers, such as land use, invasive species, overexploitation, biodiversity, environmental change, and pollution. The resulting models provide a methodological state-of-the art that results in more accurate quantitative assessments, better land use, and more effective ecosystem services. This research project involves a coalition of investigators dedicated to advancing sustainable ecosystem services and maintaining essential biodiversity in agricultural landscapes with a focus on issues in vinicultural systems. Drivers such as soil fertility, pest regulation, biodiversity conservation, and crop production as a function of climate change that influence land use, economics, and policy decisions at the local, landscape, and regional level will be examined. The interdisciplinary research team, which includes members from the US academic sector, will develop and test predictive models that examine and integrate different land use and biodiversity scenarios across spatial scales for future farm management in viticultural regions across Europe. Members of the team have extensive and well-documented collaborations with key stakeholders in the targeted regions including wine growers, non-governmental organizations, regional and national authorities, and extension service personnel. This research involves the iterative collection of input from stakeholders to help develop and test predictive models and to translate their results into a user-driven, decision-support tool that will provide wine-region vineyard farmers and regional authorities with better information and approaches on how to manage vinyards more sustainably and economically. Broader impacts of the work include international collaboration between the US, Austria, Germany, France, Spain, Romania, and The Netherlands. This large international collaboration will help build bridges collaboration and cooperation between countries and communities; engage stakeholders, ranging from local communities to national environmental protection agencies, in the process; and develop a far-reaching and rich, publicly accessible data resource that will be available to natural and social scientists across countries and disciplines. In addition to its scientific impact, this project has societal impacts in terms of the economies of an important cash crop which will likely also impacts on US winegrowing regions. Additional impacts include the integration of research and education and the training of a postdoctoral scholar.This award supports U.S. researchers participating in a project competitively selected by a coalition of 26 funding agencies from 23 countries through the Belmont Forum call for proposals on "Scenarios of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services". The call was a multilateral initiative designed to support research projects that contribute to the development of scenarios, models, and decision-support tools for understanding and solving critical issues facing our planet. The goal of the competition was to improve and apply participatory scenario methods to enhance research relevance and its acceptance and to address gaps in methods for modelling impact drivers and policy interventions. It was also to develop and communicate levels of uncertainty associated with the models, to improve data accessibility and fill gaps in knowledge. Funds support U.S. participants in the larger international consortium are dedicated to synthesizing pest-control data using government-sponsored databases from Spain, France, Germany, Austria, The Netherlands, and Romania. The data will be used to develop statistical models that predict variation in pest and predator abundances across European vineyards. These models will be validated against independent field measurements, collected by European colleagues, of arthropod biodiversity, pest control, and economic performance along gradients of landscape complexity and management options across five case-study regions. Results of the study will advance understanding of the consequences of various ecosystem services that try to address pressing challenges such as climate change, decline in worldwide biodiversity, invasive species, and unsustainable land use. Essential information from those intimately involved in vinicultural processes and land management will be collected via local focus groups which will generate stakeholder-driven scenarios. These case studies will be used to drive models that will be created and used to examine the most effective way of providing sustainable use. The validated models will be used to explore the biodiversity, ecosystem service, and crop production consequences of alternative land-use decisions under a range of social, economic and ecological restrictions. Collaborators from other countries are funded through their associated national funding organizations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

需要对生物多样性和生态系统服务的社会经济和全球环境趋势之间复杂的相互作用进行创新性研究，以帮助制定更多信息的情景，应对环境和人类发展挑战。为了克服这些挑战，需要结合自然-人类系统的方法和分析。这些方案提供了更好的生物多样性和生态系统服务设想方案，将土地使用、入侵物种、过度开发、生物多样性、环境变化和污染等直接和间接驱动因素的产出结合起来。由此产生的模型提供了一种最先进的方法，可以实现更准确的定量评估，更好的土地利用和更有效的生态系统服务。该研究项目涉及一个致力于推进可持续生态系统服务和维护农业景观中基本生物多样性的研究人员联盟，重点关注葡萄种植系统中的问题。诸如土壤肥力，病虫害防治，生物多样性保护和作物生产等驱动因素作为影响土地利用，经济和地方，景观和区域层面的政策决定的气候变化的函数将被检查。该跨学科研究团队包括来自美国学术界的成员，将开发和测试预测模型，这些模型将检查和整合不同空间尺度的土地利用和生物多样性情景，以供欧洲葡萄种植区未来的农场管理。 该团队成员与目标地区的主要利益相关者，包括葡萄酒种植者，非政府组织，区域和国家当局以及推广服务人员进行了广泛和有据可查的合作。这项研究涉及迭代收集利益相关者的投入，以帮助开发和测试预测模型，并将其结果转化为用户驱动的决策支持工具，为葡萄酒产区葡萄园农民和地区当局提供更好的信息和方法，以更可持续和更经济地管理葡萄园。这项工作的更广泛影响包括美国、奥地利、德国、法国、西班牙、罗马尼亚和荷兰之间的国际合作。这一大型国际合作将有助于在国家和社区之间建立协作与合作的桥梁;使从地方社区到国家环境保护机构的利益攸关方参与这一进程;并开发一个影响深远、内容丰富、可公开获取的数据资源，供各国和各学科的自然和社会科学家使用。 除了科学影响外，该项目还对重要经济作物的经济产生了社会影响，这也可能影响美国的葡萄酒种植区。该奖项支持美国研究人员参与一个项目，该项目由来自23个国家的26个资助机构通过贝尔蒙特论坛征集关于“生物多样性和生态系统服务情景”的建议而竞争性地选出。该呼吁是一项多边倡议，旨在支持有助于制定情景、模型和决策支持工具的研究项目，以了解和解决我们星球面临的关键问题。竞赛的目的是改进和应用参与式情景方法，以提高研究的相关性及其接受程度，并解决影响驱动因素和政策干预建模方法方面的差距。它还将确定和传达与模型相关的不确定性水平，以改善数据的可获得性并填补知识空白。资金支持美国参与更大的国际财团致力于综合虫害控制数据使用政府赞助的数据库从西班牙，法国，德国，奥地利，荷兰和罗马尼亚。这些数据将用于开发统计模型，预测欧洲葡萄园害虫和捕食者丰度的变化。这些模型将验证独立的实地测量，收集欧洲的同事，节肢动物的生物多样性，害虫防治，经济效益沿着梯度景观复杂性和管理方案在五个案例研究区域。 研究结果将促进对各种生态系统服务后果的理解，这些服务试图应对气候变化、全球生物多样性下降、入侵物种和不可持续的土地利用等紧迫挑战。将通过当地重点小组收集那些密切参与葡萄种植过程和土地管理的人的基本信息，这些信息将产生由业主驱动的情景。这些案例研究将被用来推动将被创建和用于检查提供可持续使用的最有效方式的模型。经验证的模型将用于探索在一系列社会、经济和生态限制下，替代性土地利用决策的生物多样性、生态系统服务和作物生产后果。 来自其他国家的合作者通过其相关的国家资助组织获得资助。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

The causes and consequences of pest population variability in agricultural landscapes

农业景观中害虫种群变异的原因和后果

• DOI: 10.1002/eap.2607
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Ecological Applications
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Paredes, Daniel;Rosenheim, Jay A.;Karp, Daniel S.
• 通讯作者: Karp, Daniel S.

Winegrowers’ decision-making: A pan-European perspective on pesticide use and inter-row management

葡萄种植者决策：农药使用和行间管理的泛欧洲视角

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2022.05.021
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Rural Studies
• 影响因子: 5.1
• 作者: Chen, Yang;Herrera, Rafael Alcalá;Benitez, Emilio;Hoffmann, Christoph;Möth, Stefan;Paredes, Daniel;Plaas, Elke;Popescu, Daniela;Rascher, Silke;Rusch, Adrien
• 通讯作者: Rusch, Adrien