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Collaborative Research: Anthropological Perspectives on Renewable Energy, Infrastructure, and Gender

合作研究：可再生能源、基础设施和性别的人类学视角

基本信息

批准号：
1853185
负责人：
Kristin Phillips
金额：
$ 11.01万
依托单位：
Emory University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-03-01 至 2025-02-28
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1853185&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Anthropological Perspectives Renewable

项目摘要

Renewable forms of energy (those energies naturally replenished on a human timescale) have been hailed as solutions to energy security, especially for the poor. In particular, the use of solar, wind, and biomass technologies to provide electricity both on and off national grids is escalating worldwide. Energy access and use is not just a technological issue but also a social one, creating opportunities and risks related to connection and production. While there has been significant research on the social effects of carbon-based energy production and use, we know less about the specific ways alternative forms of energy transform peoples' lives, create new opportunities or risk, and affect relationships between individuals and communities. Understanding how alternative forms of energy are perceived and used at the household level, especially by those who may not have access to traditional forms of electrification, is a crucial part of assessing whether and how alternative energy sources can contribute to a more comprehensive and secure portfolio of energy options. Findings from this research will illuminate the ways alternative energy technologies are incorporated into daily life and to what effect, and will inform national and international energy policies that can be targeted toward meeting the needs of the most marginalized members of society. The project also provides training for students in methods of rigorous, scientific data collection and analysis; broadens participation in the sciences through the training of students and researchers from underrepresented groups; and it improves scientific infrastructure through international scientific collaboration.Dr. Kristin Phillips of Emory University and Dr. Erin Dean of the New College of Florida will explore the question of whether the benefits and risks associated with the adoption of new energy technologies are socioeconomically differentiated. This research will examine the impact of solar, wind, and biomass energy technologies on the everyday lives of people in the East African nation of Tanzania. Tanzania is a particularly appropriate place for such a study because the state's pursuit of traditional carbon energy development has been coupled with a notable rise in alternative, renewable energy investment by public and private sources. It provides an appropriate laboratory for investigating energy consumption at the household level, where 90% of energy consumption takes place). The researchers have each worked for over a decade in Tanzania, and their in-country research background is geographically diverse, providing the opportunity to consider different approaches to energy use in rural, urban, peri-urban, and island contexts. Because the existing literature tends to overlook the role of women in energy production and consumption, gendered energy labor and use is an important focus of this research. With gender and geographic range in mind, the core of the research for this project will be conducted through critical case studies in domestic settings in three diverse sites. The researchers will use purposive sampling to identify socioeconomically diverse households who are using a range of energy technologies. Using the methods of observation, interviews, and focus groups, they will investigate the socioeconomic dimensions of renewable energy development. The researchers will also conduct interviews with energy experts, advocates, suppliers, policymakers, investors, and technicians in the public and private sector. Findings from the project will make important contributions to scientific discussions about the optimization of energy extraction, theories of inequality, and debates about infrastructure.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

可再生能源（在人类时间尺度上自然补充的能源）被誉为能源安全的解决方案，特别是对穷人来说。特别是，利用太阳能、风能和生物质技术在国家电网内外提供电力的情况在世界范围内不断增加。能源的获取和使用不仅是一个技术问题，也是一个社会问题，它创造了与连接和生产有关的机会和风险。虽然对碳基能源生产和使用的社会影响进行了大量研究，但我们对替代能源改变人们生活、创造新机会或风险以及影响个人和社区之间关系的具体方式知之甚少。了解替代能源在家庭一级的认知和使用情况，特别是那些可能无法获得传统电气化形式的家庭的认知和使用情况，是评估替代能源是否以及如何有助于更全面和更安全的能源选择组合的一个关键部分。这项研究的结果将阐明替代能源技术融入日常生活的方式以及效果，并将为国家和国际能源政策提供信息，这些政策可以针对满足社会最边缘化成员的需求。该项目还为学生提供严格的科学数据收集和分析方法方面的培训;通过培训来自代表性不足群体的学生和研究人员，扩大对科学的参与;埃默里大学的克里斯汀菲利普斯博士和佛罗里达新学院的艾琳迪恩博士将探讨是否有好处和风险的问题。与采用新能源技术有关的各种因素在社会经济上是不同的。这项研究将研究太阳能、风能和生物质能技术对东非国家坦桑尼亚人民日常生活的影响。坦桑尼亚是一个特别适合进行此类研究的地方，因为该国在追求传统碳能源发展的同时，公共和私人来源对替代性可再生能源的投资也显著增加。它提供了一个适当的实验室，用于调查家庭一级的能源消耗，其中90%的能源消耗发生）。这些研究人员在坦桑尼亚工作了十多年，他们的国内研究背景在地理上是多样化的，为考虑农村、城市、城郊和岛屿环境中的不同能源使用方法提供了机会。由于现有文献往往忽视女性在能源生产和消费中的作用，性别化的能源劳动和使用是本研究的一个重要焦点。考虑到性别和地理范围，该项目的核心研究将通过在三个不同地点的家庭环境中进行关键案例研究来进行。研究人员将使用有目的的抽样来确定使用一系列能源技术的社会经济多样化家庭。使用观察，访谈和焦点小组的方法，他们将调查可再生能源发展的社会经济层面。研究人员还将对公共和私营部门的能源专家、倡导者、供应商、政策制定者、投资者和技术人员进行采访。该项目的研究成果将为能源开采优化、不平等理论和基础设施辩论等科学讨论做出重要贡献。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。