Collaborative Research: Anthropological-Genomic Effects of European Colonization on Native North Americans

合作研究：欧洲殖民化对北美原住民的人类学基因组影响

• 批准号: 1147534
• 负责人: Noah Rosenberg
• 金额: $ 13.95万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1147534&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Anthropological; Genomic; Effects

European colonists changed the natural, social and cultural environments of indigenous populations in North America. This project focuses on the effects of European colonization on Native North Americans through an approach that incorporates genomic analysis, computational-statistic methods, and integration with existing databases. The genomic and statistical analysis will be combined with historical and genealogical information to provide a substantive view of Native American evolutionary history and the colonization process. Inclusion of multiple communities from within individual geographic regions across North America will provide a basis for examining shared and distinctive aspects of the history of European colonization within each of these regions. The study examines the amount of non-Native ancestry in each group and the properties of events that contributed the non-Native ancestry to Native American communities. In addition, the study examines admixture-driven selection, that is, regions of the genome in which genomic signatures characteristic of non-Native American ancestry have an elevated frequency in Native Americans. This project serves as a model for understanding the genomic effects of European colonization in other parts of the world. This project works to create mutually beneficial and trusting relationships between Native American communities and scientific researchers. Central to this effort is a summer workshop for Native American students to discuss genomic research. In addition, two molecular anthropology students and one postdoctoral fellow will be trained in the latest genomic analyses. This project expands collaborations of researchers with an interest in studying important recent historical events in Native American history.

欧洲殖民者改变了北美土著居民的自然、社会和文化环境。 该项目的重点是欧洲殖民对北美土著人的影响，通过结合基因组分析，计算统计方法，并与现有数据库的整合。基因组和统计分析将与历史和家谱信息相结合，以提供美洲原住民进化历史和殖民化过程的实质性观点。 将北美各个地理区域内的多个社区包括在内，将为研究这些区域内欧洲殖民历史的共同和独特方面提供基础。 该研究考察了每个群体中非原住民祖先的数量以及为美洲原住民社区贡献非原住民祖先的事件的性质。 此外，该研究还研究了混合物驱动的选择，即非美洲原住民血统的基因组特征在美洲原住民中频率升高的基因组区域。 该项目是了解欧洲殖民在世界其他地区的基因组影响的一个模型。该项目致力于在美洲原住民社区和科学研究人员之间建立互利和信任的关系。 这项工作的核心是为美洲原住民学生举办一个夏季研讨会，讨论基因组研究。 此外，两名分子人类学学生和一名博士后研究员将接受最新基因组分析的培训。 该项目扩大了研究人员的合作，有兴趣研究美洲原住民历史上最近的重要历史事件。