Quantification of small-scale physicochemical and microbiological properties of intact macropore surfaces in structured soils
结构化土壤中完整大孔表面的小尺度物理化学和微生物特性的量化
基本信息
- 批准号:237017826
- 负责人:
- 金额:--
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:德国
- 项目类别:Research Grants
- 财政年份:2013
- 资助国家:德国
- 起止时间:2012-12-31 至 2019-12-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
In structured soils, water and reactive solutes can preferentially move through larger inter-aggregate pores, cracks, and biopores. The surfaces of these structures are often coated by soil organic matter (SOM) and clayey material and can be colonized by microorganisms, which promote turnover processes, e.g., carbon and release from subsoils. The physico-chemical and geometrical properties of structural surfaces influence the preferential flow through soils as well as the water and mass exchange between the different flow domains (macropores and soil matrix). A parametrization of these surface properties is complicated by the vulnerability and complex structure of these surfaces. Parameters from intact structural surfaces were obtained to date only concerning the potential wettability of the soil organic matter and the roughness of the structures. The idea of this project is to extrapolate the two-dimensionally determined properties of structural surfaces for soil horizons by the help of three-dimensional analyses of the spatial arrangement of these macropore structures and thereby to estimate effects of structural surface properties on preferential flow and turnover processes in Bt-Horizons. The objective of this project extension is the quantification of small-scale physico-chemical and microbial properties of intact structural surfaces from Bt-horizons of Luvisols developed on loess and glacial till. Results from the first project (LE 3177/1-1) will be extended by the following work packages:(i) The entire macropore system potentially available during preferential flow will be quantified three-dimensionally using x-ray computer tomography (µCT). The actually available macropores (active during specific flow events) will be determined by the help of dye tracer experiments in order to assess the spatial relevance of surface structures for preferential flow. The combination of µCT measurements of small- and large-sized samples will ensure the consideration of all macropore sizes. Effects of different soil water contents on the soil structure characteristics will be assessed by comparing data from saturated and unsaturated soil water conditions.(ii) The physico-chemical properties of intact structural surfaces (OC content, SOM composition, CEC, microbial activity) will be two-dimensionally quantified using infrared spectroscopy in the diffuse reflectance mode (DRIFT mapping). The use of intact structural surfaces for the calibration of the DRIFT spectra will ensure the prediction of valid absolute values of elemental contents and surface parameters by the help of DRIFT mapping spectra. (iii) The characterization of the spatial distribution of soil microorganisms and their abundance and activities by the help of zymography and DRIFT mapping aims to identify microbial hot spots, to explain local small-scale differences in the SOM composition, and to assess significances of structural surfaces with respect to carbon turnover in subsoils.
在结构性土壤中,水和活性溶质可以优先通过较大的团聚体间孔隙、裂缝和生物孔隙。这些结构的表面通常被土壤有机物(SOM)和粘土材料覆盖,并且可以被微生物定殖,这促进了周转过程,例如,碳和释放从底土。结构表面的物理化学和几何性质影响通过土壤的优先流动以及不同流动域(大孔隙和土壤基质)之间的水和质量交换。这些表面特性的参数化由于这些表面的脆弱性和复杂结构而变得复杂。从完整的结构表面的参数获得迄今为止只关于潜在的土壤有机质的润湿性和粗糙度的结构。这个项目的想法是外推的二维确定的属性的结构表面的土壤层的三维分析的帮助下,这些大孔结构的空间布局,从而估计结构表面属性的影响,优先流和周转过程中的BT-地平线。该项目扩展的目标是量化黄土和冰碛上发育的淋溶土BT层的完整结构表面的小规模物理化学和微生物特性。第一个项目(LE 3177/1-1)的结果将通过以下工作包进行扩展:(i)将使用X射线计算机断层扫描(µCT)对优先流动期间可能可用的整个大孔隙系统进行三维量化。实际可用的大孔(在特定流动事件期间活跃)将通过染料示踪实验的帮助来确定,以评估优先流动的表面结构的空间相关性。对小尺寸和大尺寸样品进行µCT测量的组合将确保考虑所有大孔尺寸。通过比较饱和和非饱和土壤水分条件下的数据,评估不同土壤含水量对土壤结构特征的影响。(ii)完整结构表面的物理化学性质(OC含量、SOM组成、CEC、微生物活性)将使用漫反射模式(DRIFT映射)下的红外光谱进行二维量化。使用完整的结构表面的DRIFT光谱的校准将确保有效的绝对值的元素含量和表面参数的DRIFT映射光谱的帮助下的预测。 (iii)的空间分布的土壤微生物和他们的丰度和活动的帮助下,酶谱和DRIFT映射的表征的目的是确定微生物的热点,以解释当地的小规模的差异,在SOM组成,并评估的意义,结构表面的碳周转在底土。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(8)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Separation of Soil Macropore Types in Three‐Dimensional X‐Ray Computed Tomography Images Based on Pore Geometry Characteristics
- DOI:10.2136/vzj2018.09.0170
- 发表时间:2019-01
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.8
- 作者:M. Leue;D. Uteau-Puschmann;S. Peth;J. Nellesen;R. Kodešová;H. Gerke
- 通讯作者:M. Leue;D. Uteau-Puschmann;S. Peth;J. Nellesen;R. Kodešová;H. Gerke
Two-dimensional distribution of soil organic carbon at intact macropore surfaces in BT-horizons
BT层完整大孔表面土壤有机碳的二维分布
- DOI:10.1016/j.still.2017.10.002
- 发表时间:2018
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:6.5
- 作者:
- 通讯作者:
Droplet infiltration and organic matter composition of intact crack and biopore surfaces from clay‐illuvial horizons
粘土沉积层完整裂缝和生物孔表面的液滴渗透和有机质组成
- DOI:10.1002/jpln.201400209
- 发表时间:2015
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.5
- 作者:
- 通讯作者:
Spatial Distribution of Organic Matter Compounds at Intact Macropore Surfaces Predicted by DRIFT Spectroscopy
通过 DRIFT 光谱预测完整大孔表面有机物质的空间分布
- DOI:10.2136/vzj2017.05.0111
- 发表时间:2017
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.8
- 作者:Eckhardt;Ellerbrock;Leinweber
- 通讯作者:Leinweber
Roughness of biopores and cracks in Bt-horizons assessed by confocal laser scanning microscopy
通过共焦激光扫描显微镜评估 Bt 层中生物孔和裂缝的粗糙度
- DOI:10.1002/jpln.201600016
- 发表时间:2016
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.5
- 作者:
- 通讯作者:
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