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Aggression evolving: understanding how social interactions create evolutionary feedbacks at the behavioral and genomic levels

攻击性进化：了解社交互动如何在行为和基因组水平上产生进化反馈

基本信息

批准号：
1856577
负责人：
Julia Saltz
金额：
$ 57.17万
依托单位：
William Marsh Rice University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-04-01 至 2025-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1856577&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Aggression evolving understanding how social

项目摘要

Predicting evolution over multiple generations is one of the central goals of modern biology, with applications in agriculture, conservation, and human health. Predicting the evolution of behavior presents special challenges, because behavior often depends not only on the individual doing the behavior (and its genes), but also on other interacting individuals (and their genes). Such complex social behaviors may thus evolve in unique ways, termed evolutionary feedbacks. Although evolutionary feedbacks are believed to be widespread, little is still known about how they work to shape evolution over time. In this project, the researcher will take advantage of a powerful model system (fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster), to directly observe evolutionary feedbacks for aggressive behavior as they are happening over multiple generations in the lab. The research team will evolve highly-aggressive fruit flies under circumstances in which feedbacks are allowed or restricted. This will allow the team to determine how feedbacks influence evolution across generations, for both behavior and its underlying genes. This research will provide scientific opportunities to community college students. NSF support will allow talented community college students to experience research for the first time, and contribute to educating the broader community.Evolutionary feedbacks occur when behavioral evolution in one generation results in altered selection pressures in subsequent generations. Despite longstanding hypotheses that feedbacks should be nearly ubiquitous, little is still known about how feedbacks influence behavioral evolution and its underlying genetic basis. This research will fill this gap in knowledge by manipulating evolutionary feedbacks for aggressive behavior in replicate fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) populations evolving under artificial selection for increased aggressiveness. By manipulating the social environment in which artificial selection occurs, replicate populations will be artificially selected under conditions that permit positive, negative, or no feedbacks, alongside unselected controls. Behavioral changes will be tracked across generations, and whole-genome sequences from evolved populations will be compared to identify population-genomic "signatures of feedbacks." Individual genes that are putative targets of selection will be transgenically manipulated to determine their effects on behavior(s), allowing direct measurement of whether different feedbacks target genes with different roles in aggressive interactions. Together, these Aims provide the first direct tests of the hypotheses that evolutionary feedbacks alter the rate, trajectory, and genetic basis of behavioral evolution. The results have the potential to reconcile previously-incongruent studies, and will provide a conceptual and methodological framework for studying the ways that social interactions during individuals' lifetimes scale up to influence evolutionary change across generations. The research will support diverse community college students to experience research in evolutionary genetics during the summer. These scientific enrichment opportunities will provide opportunities for diverse students to enter STEM fields while learning about evolution.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

预测多代进化是现代生物学的核心目标之一，在农业、自然保护和人类健康方面都有应用。预测行为的进化带来了特殊的挑战，因为行为往往不仅取决于个体的行为（及其基因），还取决于其他相互作用的个体（及其基因）。因此，这种复杂的社会行为可能会以独特的方式进化，称为进化反馈。虽然进化反馈被认为是普遍存在的，但人们对它们如何随着时间的推移而塑造进化仍然知之甚少。在这个项目中，研究人员将利用一个强大的模型系统（果蝇，黑腹果蝇），直接观察攻击行为的进化反馈，因为它们在实验室中发生了多代。研究小组将在允许或限制反馈的情况下进化出高度攻击性的果蝇。这将使研究小组能够确定反馈如何影响行为及其潜在基因的跨代进化。这项研究将为社区大学的学生提供科学的机会。NSF的支持将使有才华的社区大学生第一次体验研究，并有助于教育更广泛的社区。当一代人的行为进化导致后代选择压力的改变时，就会发生进化反馈。尽管长期以来的假设，反馈应该是几乎无处不在，仍然很少有人知道反馈如何影响行为进化及其潜在的遗传基础。这项研究将填补这一知识的空白，操纵进化反馈的侵略性行为复制果蝇（果蝇）种群的人工选择下进化增加侵略性。通过操纵人工选择发生的社会环境，复制种群将在允许积极、消极或无反馈的条件下被人工选择，同时进行随机控制。行为变化将被追踪到几代人之间，来自进化群体的全基因组序列将被比较，以确定群体基因组的反馈特征。“作为假定的选择目标的单个基因将被转基因操纵，以确定它们对行为的影响，从而可以直接测量不同的反馈是否针对在攻击性相互作用中具有不同作用的基因。总之，这些目标为进化反馈改变行为进化的速率、轨迹和遗传基础的假设提供了第一个直接的检验。这些结果有可能调和以前不一致的研究，并将为研究个人一生中的社会互动如何影响跨代的进化变化提供一个概念和方法框架。这项研究将支持不同的社区大学生在夏季体验进化遗传学的研究。这些科学丰富的机会将为不同的学生提供进入STEM领域的机会，同时学习进化论。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。