HBCU-Excellence in Research: Dynamics of Orographic Effects on Major Wildfires that Occurred in the Southwest United States under Diverse Mesoscale Environments
HBCU-卓越研究:不同中尺度环境下美国西南部发生的重大野火的地形影响动态
基本信息
- 批准号:1900621
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 49.84万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2019
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2019-06-01 至 2024-05-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Major wildfires are a growing natural hazard, posing a devastating threat to life and property. The 2018 wildfire season was the deadliest and most destructive wildfire season on record in California, having led to over 100 fatalities and caused more than $3.5 billion in damages. There is a great deficit in our understanding of how fundamental atmospheric processes and their interactions with complex terrain and fire heat can produce a rapid spread of wildfire over downslope regions of complex terrain, such as those in the southwest U.S. As a result, it remains challenging to forecast, even a few hours in advance, the gusty, extremely dry wind surges responsible for rapid fire spread over downslope regions. New findings from the project could be used to improve the representations of the atmospheric environmental conditions for fire weather forecasts by the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) and the National Weather Service. Improved fire weather forecasts have the potential to increase public safety and reduce loss of life and property. The research results derived from this project will enhance the contents of graduate and undergraduate courses. The project will educate and train graduate and undergraduate students at North Carolina A&T State University (NCAT), one of very few Historically Black Colleges and Universities conducting atmospheric science research. In addition, NCAT investigators plan to visit and present results to high-school teachers and students to broaden their Earth and environmental science knowledge as well as to recruit students into meteorology. A research and education network will be built up among the NCAT, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, USFS, and Argonne National Laboratory. In the research project, four historic and devastating wildfires that occurred in northern, central and southern California and central Arizona, as well as several significant fire events observed under real-world settings (major scientific field experiments), will be studied extensively. The research approach will involve simulating the complex interactions among the atmosphere, terrain, and the fire itself with state-of-art convection-permitting mesoscale computer models. For the field experiment case studies, very high-resolution sensors will provide observational data on the fire-atmosphere interactions for comparison with the model simulations. These simulation and observational techniques will enable the research team to diagnose how weather systems interact with the terrain and produce very gusty winds that in turn create a favorable environment for wildfire spread in communities on the edge of major developed regions of the southwestern U.S. The computer models allow the fire and winds to interact and will enable the study of atmospheric motions that contribute to the intensification and spread of these devastating wildfires. This will lead to better predictions of fire intensity and motion in future wildfire events.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
重大野火是一种日益严重的自然灾害,对生命和财产构成毁灭性威胁。2018年野火季节是加州有记录以来最致命、最具破坏性的野火季节,已导致100多人死亡,造成超过35亿美元的损失。我们对基本大气过程及其与复杂地形和火热的相互作用如何在复杂地形的下坡地区(如美国西南部)产生迅速蔓延的野火的理解存在很大差距。因此,即使提前几个小时预测导致火势迅速蔓延到下坡地区的阵发性、极端干燥的风暴潮仍然具有挑战性。该项目的新发现可以用来改善美国林业局(USFS)和国家气象局(National Weather Service)对火灾天气预报的大气环境条件的表述。改进的火灾天气预报有可能提高公共安全,减少生命和财产损失。该项目的研究成果将提高研究生和本科课程的内容。该项目将在北卡罗来纳农工州立大学(NCAT)培养和培训研究生和本科生,这是历史上为数不多的进行大气科学研究的黑人学院和大学之一。此外,NCAT调查人员计划访问高中教师和学生并向他们展示结果,以拓宽他们的地球和环境科学知识,并招募学生进入气象学。NCAT、安布里-里德尔航空大学、USFS和阿贡国家实验室将建立一个研究和教育网络。在该研究项目中,将广泛研究发生在加利福尼亚州北部、中部和南部以及亚利桑那州中部的四场历史性和破坏性的野火,以及在现实世界背景下观察到的几起重大火灾事件(重大科学野外实验)。研究方法将包括使用最先进的允许对流的中尺度计算机模型来模拟大气、地形和火灾本身之间的复杂相互作用。对于现场实验案例研究,非常高分辨率的传感器将提供关于火灾-大气相互作用的观测数据,以便与模型模拟进行比较。这些模拟和观测技术将使研究小组能够诊断天气系统如何与地形相互作用并产生非常猛烈的风,进而为野火在美国西南部主要发达地区边缘的社区传播创造有利环境。计算机模型允许火和风相互作用,并将使研究有助于加剧和传播这些毁灭性野火的大气运动。这将导致在未来的野火事件中更好地预测火灾强度和运动。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(3)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Formation Mechanisms of the Mesoscale Environment Conducive to a Downslope Windstorm over the Cuyamaca Mountains Associated with Santa Ana Wind during the Cedar Fire (2003)
雪松火灾期间与圣安娜风相关的库亚马卡山脉下坡风暴的中尺度环境的形成机制(2003)
- DOI:10.1175/jamc-d-22-0025.1
- 发表时间:2022
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:3
- 作者:Karim, S. M.;Lin, Yuh-Lang;Kaplan, Michael L.
- 通讯作者:Kaplan, Michael L.
Convective Density Current Circulations That Modulated Meso-γ Surface Winds near the Yarnell Hill Fire
亚内尔山火灾附近调节中γ表面风的对流密度环流
- DOI:10.3390/fire6040130
- 发表时间:2023
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Kaplan, Michael L.;Karim, S. M.;Wiles, Jackson T.;James, Curtis N.;Lin, Yuh-Lang;Riley, Justin
- 通讯作者:Riley, Justin
Effects of Density Current, Diurnal Heating, and Local Terrain on the Mesoscale Environment Conducive to the Yarnell Hill Fire
密度流、昼夜加热和局部地形对亚内尔山火灾中尺度环境的影响
- DOI:10.3390/atmos13020215
- 发表时间:2022
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.9
- 作者:Ising, Jan;Kaplan, Michael Lewis;Lin, Yuh-Lang
- 通讯作者:Lin, Yuh-Lang
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Yuh-Lang Lin其他文献
On the coupling of convective updrafts prior to secondary eyewall formation in Hurricane Katrina (2005)
- DOI:
10.1007/s00703-017-0557-2 - 发表时间:
2017-09-16 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.100
- 作者:
Jose M. Garcia-Rivera;Yuh-Lang Lin - 通讯作者:
Yuh-Lang Lin
Orographic Effects on Airflow and Mesoscale Weather Systems Over Taiwan
- DOI:
10.3319/tao.1993.4.4.381(a - 发表时间:
1993-12 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0.8
- 作者:
Yuh-Lang Lin - 通讯作者:
Yuh-Lang Lin
Multi-scale numerical simulations of the synoptic environment, Diablo windstorm, and wildfire formation mechanisms for the Tubbs Fire (2017)
- DOI:
10.1007/s00703-023-01001-z - 发表时间:
2024-01-03 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.100
- 作者:
Jackson T. Wiles;Yuh-Lang Lin;Michael L. Kaplan - 通讯作者:
Michael L. Kaplan
Influences of Appalachian orography on heavy rainfall and rainfall variability associated with the passage of hurricane Isabel by ensemble simulations
- DOI:
10.1007/s00703-017-0562-5 - 发表时间:
2017-12-21 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.100
- 作者:
Guy Oldaker;Liping Liu;Yuh-Lang Lin - 通讯作者:
Yuh-Lang Lin
Yuh-Lang Lin的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Yuh-Lang Lin', 18)}}的其他基金
HBCU-RISE Center for Improving Understanding and Forecasting of Orographic Effects on Extreme Weather (EWC)
HBCU-RISE 提高地形对极端天气影响的理解和预报中心 (EWC)
- 批准号:
2022961 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 49.84万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Dynamics of Orographic Rain Associated with Landfalling Hurricanes over the Central and Southern Appalachian Mountains
与阿巴拉契亚山脉中部和南部登陆飓风相关的地形降雨动态
- 批准号:
1265783 - 财政年份:2013
- 资助金额:
$ 49.84万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
MRI: Acquisition of a Complete High-Performance Modeling and Visualization System for Research in Mathematical Biology and Mathematical Geosciences
MRI:获取完整的高性能建模和可视化系统,用于数学生物学和数学地球科学研究
- 批准号:
1126543 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 49.84万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Dynamics of Heavy Precipitation over Mesoscale Mountains
中尺度山脉强降水动力学
- 批准号:
0096876 - 财政年份:2001
- 资助金额:
$ 49.84万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Effects of Mesoscale Forcing in a Shear Flow with Critical Levels
临界水平剪切流中的中尺度强迫效应
- 批准号:
9224595 - 财政年份:1993
- 资助金额:
$ 49.84万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Effects of Mesoscale Thermal Forcing in a Shear Flow
剪切流中的介观热强迫效应
- 批准号:
8815780 - 财政年份:1989
- 资助金额:
$ 49.84万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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