CHS: Large: Collaborative Research: Gender-Inclusive Open Source through Gender-Inclusive Tools

CHS：大型：协作研究：通过性别包容性工具实现性别包容性开源

• 批准号: 1901031
• 负责人: Anita Sarma
• 金额: $ 87.08万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1901031&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CHS; Large; Collaborative; Research; Gender

This research will investigate whether and how open source software (OSS) tools and technologies have gender biases tied with diverse problem-solving styles, and how to remove any such biases that are found. OSS is having a significant impact on society, in the products it produces and the career paths that it facilitates. However, women are vastly underrepresented among OSS developers. This is a significant concern to OSS communities because it prevents them from receiving the benefits of a larger talent pool and the benefits that ensue from team diversity. Further, the problem feeds upon itself: women developers then miss out on the learning and professional growth opportunities that OSS projects provide, and professional opportunities evade women developers when open source contributions are used to make hiring decisions, both of which hold them back from OSS engagement.This work will harness foundational gender research to provide theory-based yet practical solutions, towards addressing the underrepresentation of women in OSS communities. In Phase 1, the research will experimentally identify gender biases through the GenderMag research technique, and cross-validate results empirically. This is an inspection method for software professionals to use to find gender-bias "bugs" in their own software, by assessing to what extent their software supports diverse cognitive styles in terms of five facets: (1) motivations, (2) computer self-efficacy, (3) risk aversion with technology, (4) information processing styles, and (5) styles of learning new technology. Starting with each facet implicated in the bugs identified in Phase 1, the Phase 2 research will derive redesigns for each facet identified by working closely with the teams. The redesigns and the process of creating inclusive tools will be empirically evaluated to create a compendium of "best practices" for fixing gender-bias bugs, in both products (what suitable fixes are to such bugs) and processes (how OSS teams can work together to fix gender-bias bugs). Continuous evaluation will be a critical component throughout, to determine which practices and processes work and which do not.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项研究将调查开放源码软件工具和技术是否以及如何与不同的问题解决方式联系在一起，以及如何消除发现的任何此类偏见。开放源码软件正在对社会产生重大影响，包括它所生产的产品和它所促进的职业道路。然而，妇女在开放源码软件开发人员中所占比例严重不足。这是开放源码软件社区的一个重大关切，因为这使他们无法从更大的人才库中获益，也无法从团队多样性中获益。此外，这个问题还在不断恶化：女性开发人员因此错过了OSS项目提供的学习和专业成长机会，而当开源贡献被用于做出招聘决定时，女性开发人员的专业机会也被回避，这两种情况都阻碍了她们参与OSS。这项工作将利用基础性别研究提供基于理论但实际的解决方案，致力于解决撒哈拉和萨赫勒观测所社区中妇女代表性不足的问题。 在第一阶段，研究将通过GenderMag研究技术实验性地识别性别偏见，并根据经验交叉验证结果。这是一种软件专业人员用来在自己的软件中发现性别偏见“bug”的检查方法，通过评估他们的软件在多大程度上支持五个方面的不同认知风格：（1）动机，（2）计算机自我效能，（3）技术风险规避，（4）信息处理风格，（5）学习新技术的风格。 从第1阶段中确定的错误所涉及的每个方面开始，第2阶段的研究将通过与团队密切合作来重新设计每个方面。将对重新设计和创建包容性工具的过程进行经验评估，以创建一个“最佳做法”汇编，用于在产品（对此类错误有哪些适当的修复）和流程（开放源码软件团队如何能够共同努力修复性别偏见错误）中修复性别偏见错误。持续评估将是贯穿始终的关键组成部分，以确定哪些实践和流程有效，哪些无效。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。

项目成果

A case study of implicit mentoring, its prevalence, and impact in Apache

隐性指导及其在 Apache 中的流行程度和影响的案例研究

• DOI: 10.1145/3540250.3549167
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: 30th ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering
• 作者: Feng, Zixuan;Chatterjee, Amreeta;Sarma, Anita;Ahmed, Iftekhar
• 通讯作者: Ahmed, Iftekhar

AID: An automated detector for gender-inclusivity bugs in OSS project pages

AID：OSS 项目页面中性别包容性错误的自动检测器

• DOI: 10.1109/icse43902.2021.00128
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: IEEE/ACM 43rd International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE
• 作者: Chatterjee, Amreeta;Guizani, Mariam;Stevens, Catherine;Emard, Jillian;May, Mary Evelyn;Burnett, Margaret;Ahmed, Iftekhar;Sarma, Anita
• 通讯作者: Sarma, Anita

Attracting and retaining OSS contributors with a maintainer dashboard

通过维护者仪表板吸引和留住 OSS 贡献者

• DOI: 10.1145/3510458.3513020
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: 2022 IEEE/ACM 44th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Society (ICSE-SEIS
• 作者: Guizani, Mariam;Zimmermann, Thomas;Sarma, Anita;Ford, Denae
• 通讯作者: Ford, Denae

Changing the Online Climate via the Online Students: Effects of Three Curricular Interventions on Online CS Students’ Inclusivity

通过在线学生改变在线氛围：三种课程干预对在线计算机科学学生包容性的影响

• DOI: 10.1145/3446871.3469742
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: ACM International Computing Education Research Conference
• 作者: Letaw, Lara;Garcia, Rosalinda;Garcia, Heather;Perdriau, Christopher;Burnett, Margaret
• 通讯作者: Burnett, Margaret

Engineering gender-inclusivity into software: ten teams' tales from the trenches

将性别包容性融入软件：十个团队的战壕故事

• DOI: 10.1145/3377811.3380371
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: ACM/IEEE 42nd International Conference on Software Engineering
• 作者: Hilderbrand, Claudia;Perdriau, Christopher;Letaw, Lara;Emard, Jillian;Steine-Hanson, Zoe;Burnett, Margaret;Sarma, Anita
• 通讯作者: Sarma, Anita