Single Crystal Metal Nanorods by Thermomechanical Nanomolding

通过热机械纳米成型制备单晶金属纳米棒

• 批准号: 1901613
• 负责人: Jan Schroers
• 金额: $ 41.83万
• 依托单位: Yale University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-01 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1901613&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Single; Crystal; Metal; Nanorods; Thermomechanical

Making very small things is very hard to do. Think of nanoscale devices ??these are devices that are smaller in size than the width of a human hair (a human hair is about 80,000 nanometers wide) ? that need to be manufactured in large numbers, how can it be done?. This project supports research in the mass manufacture of nanostructures for nanoscale devices and systems though a manufacturing process known as nanomolding. Molding, at any scale, places a soft, liquid-like state of a material into a mold to solidify. Crystalline metals, despite their wide range of potential applications in nano and quantum devices, are currently unsuited for nanomolding. However, technologies such as energy, environment, and information hinge on the effective, precise, and versatile nanofabrication of metals. A recent, potential solution to the limited nanomoldability of metals is thermomechanical nanomolding and it has been used to fabricate gold and copper nanorods that are up to a thousand times longer than their diameter. The process, based on atomic diffusion, enables nanomolding with essentially all metals and alloys. This project explores the nanomolding process and its scalability and determines nanomoldability of different classes of metals and alloys. Technologically, the ability to fabricate very large surface area nanostructures, such as, high aspect ratio single crystal nanorods, of a broad range of metals and alloys impacts several technologies, for example, catalysis, photovoltaics, plasmonics, and tunable material cell interaction for implants and sensors. Therefore, results from this research benefits national health, prosperity, and defense, and hence, have a broad impact on U.S. economy and society. This project exposes students to state-of-the-art nanofabrication techniques, thus contributing to the training of the next generation of scientists and engineers.This project investigates the thermomechanical nanomolding process to form an array of high aspect ratio metallic nanorods over a large area. It studies deformation based on atomic diffusion as the underlying mechanism. The research involves determining processing parameters, such as time, temperature and pressure, on the nano-scale moldability of various metals and alloys, such as FCC and BCC metals and solid-solution and intermetallic alloys. Metal nanorod arrays are characterized in terms of their length and length uniformity over macroscopic dimensions. Furthermore, crystallographic orientation and potential grain boundaries are identified as a function of processing conditions and mold diameter to explore possibilities of the formation of single crystal nanorods with preferred orientation. A theoretical understanding of thermomechanical nanomolding is used to explore novel nanofabrication methods. These include the potential to add an additional dimension to nanomolding by using a multi-layered feedstock with combinations of miscible and immiscible metals. This allows for the possibility of varying, controlling, and manipulating the crystal structure and composition within one nanorod over the smallest dimensions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

做很小的事情很难做。 想想纳米级设备？这些设备的大小比人头发的宽度小（人头发的宽度约为80,000纳米宽）？这需要大量制造，如何完成？ 该项目支持纳米级设备和系统的纳米结构的大规模生产研究，但一种制造过程称为纳米芯。 在任何规模上，成型都将材料的柔软液态状态放入模具中以固化。 尽管晶体金属在纳米和量子设备中的潜在应用范围很广，但目前不适合纳米污染。 但是，诸如金属的有效，精确和多功能纳米制动的技术，诸如能源，环境和信息铰链之类的技术。 对于金属有限的纳米量化，最近的潜在解决方案是热力学纳米质量，它已用于制造比直径长达一千倍的金和铜纳米棒。 基于原子扩散的过程，基本上都可以使用所有金属和合金来实现纳米芯。 该项目探讨了纳米材料的过程及其可扩展性，并决定了不同类别的金属和合金的纳米固定性。 从技术上讲，制造非常大的表面积纳米结构的能力，例如高纵横比单晶纳米棒，具有广泛的金属和合金会影响几种技术，例如，催化，光伏，等离子体，等离子体，等离子体和可调的植入物和传感器的可调材料相互作用。 因此，这项研究的结果使国家健康，繁荣和防御有益于对美国经济和社会的广泛影响。该项目使学生了解了最先进的纳米化技术，从而有助于培训下一代科学家和工程师。该项目研究了热力学纳米型的过程，以形成一系列高纵横比金属纳米棒的数组。 它研究基于原子扩散作为潜在机制的变形。 该研究涉及确定各种金属和合金的纳米尺度可可（例如FCC和BCC金属）以及固体溶液以及金属间合金等纳米尺度可可的处理参数，例如时间，温度和压力。 金属纳米棒阵列的特征是其在宏观尺寸上的长度和长度均匀性。 此外，晶体学方向和潜在的晶界被确定为加工条件和霉菌直径的函数，以探索具有优选方向的单晶纳米棒形成的可能性。 对热机械纳米造型的理论理解用于探索新型的纳米化方法。 其中包括通过使用多层原料及其混合和不混溶的金属组合的多层原料来增加纳米芯的额外尺寸的潜力。 这允许在最小的维度上改变，控制和操纵一个纳米棒内的晶体结构和组成的可能性。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响标准通过评估来进行评估。

项目成果

General Nanomolding of Ordered Phases

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.036102
• 发表时间: 2020-01-23
• 期刊: PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Liu, Naijia;Xie, Yujun;Schroers, Jan
• 通讯作者: Schroers, Jan

Nanofabrication through molding

• DOI: 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2021.100891
• 发表时间: 2021-11-30
• 期刊: PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE
• 影响因子: 37.4
• 作者: Liu, Ze;Liu, Naijia;Schroers, Jan
• 通讯作者: Schroers, Jan