SG: Fossils, fruits, and seeds: an integrative approach to estimating a timetree for the nightshades

SG：化石、水果和种子：估计茄属植物时间树的综合方法

• 批准号: 1902797
• 负责人: Stacey Smith
• 金额: $ 19.99万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1902797&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SG; Fossils; fruits; seeds; integrative

Reconstructing the timing of evolutionary events, from the invasion of land to the origin of flowers, relies on evidence from the fossil record. For many groups of organisms, available fossils are scant or poorly described, resulting in uncertainty about when major evolutionary transitions occurred. This project will expand knowledge about the fossil record and estimate an evolutionary timeline for a large and economically important plant group, the nightshades. This family of nearly 3000 species includes many crops, such as tomato, potato, and tobacco, and yet is represented in the fossil record by only a handful of described specimens. The researchers will survey putative nightshade fossils and use morphological and statistical analyses to determine their placement in the evolutionary history of the family. In the process, the researchers will be able to estimate the timing of major evolutionary changes, such as the origin of fleshy fruits and whole genome duplications. Understanding this evolutionary history is fundamental for crop improvement, which relies on the morphological and genetic variation accumulated through diversification over millions of years. This project incorporates a range of training opportunities for early-career researchers, and the results of the research will be widely disseminated through public data repositories.Divergence times across the nightshades (Solanaceae) will be estimated through three specific aims. First, the researchers will revise all fossil records from the family and score a suite of discrete and continuous characters using traditional and newly developed techniques, including variable pressure scanning electron microscopy and x-ray microcomputed tomography. Second, a matching morphological dataset will be created for the roughly 1600 extant species with available molecular data from previous phylogenetic analyses. Finally, Bayesian total-evidence methods will be used to jointly estimate relationships among extant and extinct species and divergence times across the family. This integrative project will be carried out by a team of botanists, paleontologists, imaging specialists, and methods developers. In addition to estimating a robust timeline for Solanaceae, the project will expand knowledge of the plant fossil record, support training of undergraduate and graduate students and a post-doctoral researcher, as well as strengthen international scientific infrastructure and collaboration.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

重建进化事件的时间，从土地的入侵到花朵的起源，依赖于化石记录的证据。对于许多生物群体来说，现有的化石很少或描述不好，导致不确定何时发生重大的进化转变。该项目将扩大有关化石记录的知识，并估计一个大型和经济上重要的植物群，茄属植物的进化时间轴。这个家族有近3000个物种，包括许多作物，如番茄、马铃薯和烟草，但在化石记录中只有少数描述的标本。研究人员将调查推定的茄属植物化石，并使用形态学和统计分析来确定它们在该家族进化史中的位置。在这个过程中，研究人员将能够估计主要进化变化的时间，例如肉质水果的起源和全基因组复制。了解这一进化历史是作物改良的基础，作物改良依赖于数百万年来通过多样化积累的形态和遗传变异。该项目为早期职业研究人员提供了一系列培训机会，研究结果将通过公共数据库广泛传播。将通过三个具体目标估计茄属植物（茄科）的分歧时间。首先，研究人员将修订该家族的所有化石记录，并使用传统和新开发的技术（包括变压扫描电子显微镜和X射线微计算机断层扫描）对一系列离散和连续特征进行评分。其次，将创建一个匹配的形态数据集，约1600个现存的物种与现有的分子数据，从以前的系统发育分析。最后，贝叶斯全证据方法将被用来共同估计现存和灭绝物种之间的关系和分歧时间在整个家庭。这个综合项目将由植物学家，古生物学家，成像专家和方法开发人员组成的团队进行。除了为茄科估算一个稳健的时间轴外，该项目还将扩大植物化石记录的知识，支持本科生和研究生以及博士后研究人员的培训，以及加强国际科学基础设施和合作。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

The Flourishing of Virtual Seminars: Strengthening the Globalization of Research Through SOL Seminars Online

• DOI: 10.1002/tax.12412
• 发表时间: 2020-12
• 期刊: Taxon
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Rocío Deanna;Chelsea Pretz

A synopsis of Solanaceae from Caquetá Department, Colombia

哥伦比亚卡克塔省茄科植物简介

• DOI: 10.1007/s12225-022-10062-z
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Kew Bulletin
• 影响因子: 0.9
• 作者: Hoyos, David;Deanna, Rocío;Sanín, David;Trujillo-Trujillo, Edwin;Orejuela, Andrés
• 通讯作者: Orejuela, Andrés

Taxonomic notes on Iochrominae (Solanaceae: Physalideae) from Brazil

巴西 Iochrominae（茄科：酸浆科）的分类注释

• DOI: 10.1007/s12228-021-09683-8
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Brittonia
• 影响因子: 0.9
• 作者: Campos, Renan Pavan;Deanna, Rocío;Gereau, Roy Emile;De Moura, Tânia Maria
• 通讯作者: De Moura, Tânia Maria

Fossil berries reveal global radiation of the nightshade family by the early Cenozoic

浆果化石揭示了新生代早期茄科植物的全球辐射

• DOI: 10.1111/nph.18904
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: New Phytologist
• 影响因子: 9.4
• 作者: Deanna, Rocío;Martínez, Camila;Manchester, Steven;Wilf, Peter;Campos, Abel;Knapp, Sandra;Chiarini, Franco E.;Barboza, Gloria E.;Bernardello, Gabriel;Sauquet, Hervé
• 通讯作者: Sauquet, Hervé

Phylogeny, character evolution and biogeography of the genus Sclerophylax (Solanaceae)

硬菌属（茄科）的系统发育、性状进化和生物地理学

• DOI: 10.1002/tax.12796
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: TAXON
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Chiarini, Franco E.;Deanna, Rocío;Bohs, Lynn
• 通讯作者: Bohs, Lynn