Collaborative Research: P2C2: Reconstructing Holocene Climate Change in the Southern Hemisphere from Southern Alps Mountain Glaciers and Tree Rings
Collaborative Research: P2C2: Reconstructing Holocene Climate Change in the Southern Hemisphere from Southern Alps Mountain Glaciers and Tree Rings
批准号:
1903334
负责人:
Joerg Schaefer
金额:
$17.2万
依托单位:
依托单位国家:
美国
项目类别:
Standard Grant
财政年份:
2019
资助国家:
美国
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
2019-09-01 至 2023-08-31
中文摘要
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英文摘要
A major objective of climate science is to evaluate ongoing planetary warming within the context of past natural variations of the climate system, such as the well-known Little Ice Age and Dark Ages cold periods, and Medieval and Roman warm periods, as well as warmer-than-present conditions in some regions registered during the early Holocene, about 8,000 to 10,000 years ago. These past climatic anomalies are best documented from the Northern Hemisphere; thus, it is not clear whether they constituted global fluctuations in the atmospheric heat budget or if they were regional in nature. This question has fundamental implications for understanding the underlying drivers of natural climate variability, and for determining whether industrial-age warming has yet exceeded the envelope of climate variability registered over the past 10,000 years. This project establishes the record of Holocene climate variations, based on glaciers and temperature-sensitive trees, in the Southern Alps of New Zealand - on the opposite side of the planet from the North Atlantic region. Mountain glaciers are among Earth's most sensitive climate recorders on timescales of decades and longer. Worldwide recession of mountain glaciers is an iconic illustration of global warming. Glacial landforms afford physical evidence of past glacier extent, and this effort will employ state-of-the-art cosmogenic dating techniques on those landforms to establish precise and accurate chronologies of glacier changes during and prior to the period of recorded observations. This work incorporates tree-ring chronologies of temperature-sensitive South Island species that afford continuous records of climatic fluctuations on annual timescales. Altogether, chronologies of glacier extent and tree growth will be used to develop a comprehensive record of past temperature variation in the Southern Alps for comparison to equivalent records in the Northern Hemisphere. The resultant temperature reconstruction will also provide a key metric for evaluating a suite of global climate and earth-system models developed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, some of which are now being used for weather forecasting by the National Weather Service. This effort will afford field-based educational experiences for the next generation of scientists and science journalists. A goal of paleoclimate research is to understand patterns and drivers of natural climate variations during the Holocene. Documentation of natural climate variability on orbital, centennial, and shorter frequencies provides a contextual framework for modeling ongoing and future warming due to the effects of increasing atmospheric CO2. The most recent major natural climatic variations in the North Atlantic regime prior to the ongoing warming were those of the Roman Warm Period (~250 B.C. to ~A.D. 400), Dark Ages Cold Period (~A.D. 450 to ~A.D. 950), Medieval Warm Period (~A.D. 950 to ~A.D. 1150) and the Little Ice Age (~A.D. 1150 to ~A.D. 1850). These late-Holocene temperature variations are documented by highly resolved records of glacier-length variation in the European Alps, as well as independent, annually resolved tree-ring-based regional summer temperature reconstructions. In addition, European glaciers monitored a period of reduced ice extent during the early Holocene at the same time as tree-line altitudes were higher. Both observations signify summers that were warmer than those of today. But it is not yet clear whether these climate signatures were global or regional in scope; thus, the underlying mechanisms remain uncertain. This work will address this problem by developing a precise 10Be surface-exposure chronology of moraines constructed by glaciers during the Holocene in the Southern Alps of New Zealand - on the opposite side of the planet from the European Alps. The researchers will also develop chronology of Holocene ice retraction by 14C dating recently deglaciated organic remains. Investigators employ a well-calibrated glaciological model to convert these moraine chronologies into a glacier-derived record of temperature over the past two millennia. The proposed glacier chronology will be synthesized with an independent and complementary record of regional summer temperatures for the past 2000 years derived from South Island silver pine ring widths. The glacier and tree-ring records will be used as benchmarks to investigate results from the GFDL ESM2M preindustrial climate simulations. On the basis of this glacier, dendro, and modeling approach, the goal of this work is to determine whether Holocene climate variations were global or not, and therefore improve understanding of underlying drivers and the scope of natural climate variability in light of ongoing planetary warming.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
期刊论文(3)
专著(0)
科研奖励(0)
会议论文
Cosmogenic nuclide techniques
宇宙成因核素技术
DOI:
10.1038/s43586-022-00096-9
发表时间:
2022
期刊:
Nature reviews methods primers
影响因子:
--
作者:
[Schaefer, J.M., Codilean, A.T., Willenbring, J.K., Lu, Z.-T., Keisling, B., Fülöp, R.-H., Val, P.]
通讯作者:
Val, P.
Glacier response to Holocene warmth inferred from in situ <sup>10</sup>Be and <sup>14</sup>C bedrock analyses in Steingletscher's forefield (central Swiss Alps)
根据 Steingletscher 前场(瑞士阿尔卑斯山中部)的原位 <sup>10</sup>Be 和 <sup>14</sup>C 基岩分析推断冰川对全新世温暖的响应
DOI:
10.5194/cp-18-23-2022
发表时间:
2022
期刊:
Climate of the Past
影响因子:
4.3
作者:
[Schimmelpfennig, Irene, Schaefer, Joerg M., Lamp, Jennifer, Godard, Vincent, Schwartz, Roseanne, Bard, Edouard, Tuna, Thibaut, Akçar, Naki, Schlüchter, Christian, Zimmerman, Susan]
通讯作者:
Zimmerman, Susan
DOI:
10.5194/cp-17-2451-2021
发表时间:
2021-12-02
期刊:
CLIMATE OF THE PAST
影响因子:
4.3
作者:
[Braumann, Sandra M., Schaefer, Joerg M., Fiebig, Markus]
通讯作者:
Fiebig, Markus
EAR-Climate: Mountain Glacier Contribution to Sea Level CE 1900-2100
-
批准号:2218664
-
项目类别:Continuing Grant
-
资助金额:$270.0万
-
财政年份:2022
-
负责人:Joerg Schaefer
-
依托单位:
Collaborative Research: A fossil ecosystem under the ice: deciphering the glacial and vegetation history of northwest Greenland using long-lost Camp Century basal sediment
-
批准号:2114634
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$25.24万
-
财政年份:2021
-
负责人:Joerg Schaefer
-
依托单位:
Collaborative Research: GreenDrill: The response of the northern Greenland Ice Sheet to Arctic Warmth - Direct constrains from sub-ice bedrock
-
批准号:1933927
-
项目类别:Continuing Grant
-
资助金额:$152.27万
-
财政年份:2020
-
负责人:Joerg Schaefer
-
依托单位:
Collaborative Research: A High-sensitivity Beryllium-10 Record from an Ice Core at South Pole
-
批准号:1443448
-
项目类别:Continuing Grant
-
资助金额:$69.99万
-
财政年份:2016
-
负责人:Joerg Schaefer
-
依托单位:
Collaborative Research: West Antarctic Ice Sheet stability, Alpine Glaciation, and Climate Variability: a Terrestrial Perspective from Cosmogenic-nuclide Dating in McMurdo Sound
-
批准号:1246207
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$35.0万
-
财政年份:2013
-
负责人:Joerg Schaefer
-
依托单位:
Collaborative Research: Climate and Glacier change in Bhutan: the last millennia, present and future
-
批准号:1304351
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$33.31万
-
财政年份:2013
-
负责人:Joerg Schaefer
-
依托单位:
EAGER: Collaborative Research: Climate and Glacier change in Bhutan: the last millennia, present and future
-
批准号:1256540
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$8.28万
-
财政年份:2012
-
负责人:Joerg Schaefer
-
依托单位:
Collaborative Research: P2C2--Evaluating Controls on Holocene Glacier Fluctuations and Climate Variability in the Southern Peruvian Andes
-
批准号:1103486
-
项目类别:Continuing Grant
-
资助金额:$15.57万
-
财政年份:2011
-
负责人:Joerg Schaefer
-
依托单位:
Collaborative Research: Multi-nuclide approach to systematically evaluate the scatter in surface exposure ages in Antarctica and to develop consistent alpine glacier chronologies
-
批准号:1043589
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$35.77万
-
财政年份:2011
-
负责人:Joerg Schaefer
-
依托单位:
CRPA: Glaciers: A Chronology of Climate Change
-
批准号:1103833
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$10.91万
-
财政年份:2011
-
负责人:Joerg Schaefer
-
依托单位:
'Glacier-Climate-Water' Mini-Conference at Lamont
-
批准号:1007595
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$0.0万
-
财政年份:2010
-
负责人:Joerg Schaefer
-
依托单位:
Collaborative Research: Constraining Arc Processes through Comprehensive Geochemical Study of the Chilean Southern Volcanic Zone
-
批准号:0948466
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$14.35万
-
财政年份:2010
-
负责人:Joerg Schaefer
-
依托单位:
Collaborative Research: Timing and structure of the last glacial maximum and termination in southern Peru: Implications for the role of the tropics in climate change
-
批准号:1003427
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$19.93万
-
财政年份:2010
-
负责人:Joerg Schaefer
-
依托单位:
Quantifying subglacial erosion rates and exploring pro-glacial bedrock as climate archive by in-situ cosmogenic C-14 and Be-10 techniques
-
批准号:0922165
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$18.7万
-
财政年份:2009
-
负责人:Joerg Schaefer
-
依托单位:
SGER: Quantifying subglacial erosion rates and Timing of Holocene warm periods by in-situ 14C/10Be - A proof of concept
-
批准号:0834294
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$4.09万
-
财政年份:2008
-
负责人:Joerg Schaefer
-
依托单位:
Collaborative Research: The Pulse of Holocene Glaciations in New Zealand's Southern Alps
-
批准号:0823521
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$29.08万
-
财政年份:2008
-
负责人:Joerg Schaefer
-
依托单位:
Quantification of Extensional Fault Processes and Landscape Response using Surface Exposure Dating
-
批准号:0439897
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$18.81万
-
财政年份:2005
-
负责人:Joerg Schaefer
-
依托单位:
Collaborative Research: A Proposal for the Cosmic-Ray prOduced NUclide Systematics on Earth (CRONUS-Earth) Project
-
批准号:0345835
-
项目类别:Continuing Grant
-
资助金额:$52.96万
-
财政年份:2005
-
负责人:Joerg Schaefer
-
依托单位:
Collaborative Research: Age, Origin and Climatic Significance of Buried Ice in the Western Dry Valleys, Antarctica
-
批准号:0338244
-
项目类别:Standard Grant
-
资助金额:$11.12万
-
财政年份:2004
-
负责人:Joerg Schaefer
-
依托单位:
国内基金
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