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Doubly-Threaded Polycatenanes and Polyrotaxanes

双螺纹聚环烷和聚轮烷

基本信息

批准号：
1903603
负责人：
Stuart Rowan
金额：
$ 54.69万
依托单位：
University of Chicago
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-07-01 至 2023-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1903603&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Doubly Threaded Polycatenanes Polyrotaxanes

项目摘要

With this award, the Macromolecular, Supramolecular, and Nanochemistry Program in the Division of Chemistry is funding Dr. Stuart J. Rowan from University of Chicago to develop synthetic methods to build new polymer architectures and to study how these architectures impact polymer properties. Conventionally, polymers or long chain molecules are prepared from smaller molecules that are joined together by carbon-carbon covalent bonds. Covalent bonding occurs when pairs of electrons are shared by atoms and it constitutes the basic building principle for all of organic chemistry. The approach in this work is rather unique because the repeating units in the targeted polymers are not covalently bonded to one another, yet cannot be separated unless covalent bond breakage occurs. Essentially, the monomer units are interlocked together like individual pieces in a metal chain or necklace. The molecular version of two interlocked rings is called a catenane and, when they are liked together the overall structure is a polycatenane (it looks like a metal chain). A related interlocked polymer in which a long polymer molecule is threaded through a ring molecule, like beads on a string, is called a polyrotaxane. Such interlocked polymeric materials may have unique physical properties and potential applications in the areas of molecular electronics, energy absorbing materials, nanorecording and optical bioimaging. The activities associated with this award increase broadening participation and enable training of high school, undergraduate, and graduate students in synthetic organic chemistry and polymer chemistry. The outreach program 'Natures Materials' is created as a part of the Cleveland Museum of Natural History's Martin Luther King Discover Day which demonstrates how natural polymers are used everyday. Both polycatenanes and polyrotaxanes consist of components that are interlocked together and held in place with a mechanical bond. In this research, an investigation on how the structure of the components can be used to impact product distribution, molecular weight, and the resulting properties of polycatenanes is conducted. In addition, research activities expand the types of interlocked polymers that can be accessed via the metallosupramolecular template approach to doubly-threaded poly[3]rotaxanes and slide ring gels. The access to such new interlocked polymeric structures, along with a better structure/property understanding of such systems, allows the development of materials with the potential to exhibit an unusual property matrix. These structures open the door to new polymeric actuators and materials.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

有了这个奖项，化学系的大分子，超分子和纳米化学项目资助芝加哥大学的Stuart J. Rowan博士开发合成方法来构建新的聚合物结构，并研究这些结构如何影响聚合物性能。常规地，聚合物或长链分子由通过碳-碳共价键连接在一起的较小分子制备。当原子共享电子对时发生共价键合，它构成了所有有机化学的基本构建原则。这项工作中的方法是相当独特的，因为目标聚合物中的重复单元彼此不共价键合，但不能分离，除非发生共价键断裂。从本质上讲，单体单元像金属链或项链中的单个部分一样互锁在一起。两个互锁环的分子形式被称为链烷，当它们被喜欢在一起时，整体结构是聚链烷（它看起来像金属链）。一种相关的互锁聚合物，其中一个长的聚合物分子穿过一个环分子，就像一根绳子上的珠子，被称为聚轮烷。这种互锁聚合物材料可能具有独特的物理性质，并在分子电子学、能量吸收材料、纳米记录和光学生物成像领域中具有潜在的应用。与该奖项相关的活动增加了参与范围，并使高中，本科和研究生在合成有机化学和聚合物化学方面的培训成为可能。外展计划“自然材料”是作为克利夫兰自然历史博物馆的马丁·路德·金发现日的一部分创建的，该日展示了天然聚合物如何在日常生活中使用。聚链烷和聚轮烷都由互锁在一起并通过机械键保持在适当位置的组分组成。在这项研究中，调查的组成部分的结构如何可以用来影响产品分布，分子量，并由此产生的性能的聚索烃进行。此外，研究活动扩大了互锁聚合物的类型，可以通过金属超分子模板方法获得双螺纹聚[3]轮烷和滑环凝胶。对这种新的互锁聚合物结构的访问，沿着对这种系统的更好的结构/性能的理解，允许开发具有表现出不寻常的性能矩阵的潜力的材料。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。