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Modulating the Adhesion, Friction and Lubrication Characteristics of Few-Atom Thick Materials in Aqueous Environment over Several Length Scales

在多个长度尺度上调节水环境中少原子厚材料的粘附、摩擦和润滑特性

基本信息

批准号：
1904216
负责人：
Rosa Espinosa-Marzal
金额：
$ 45万
依托单位：
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-08-15 至 2024-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1904216&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Modulating Adhesion Friction Lubrication Characteristics

项目摘要

Two-dimensional (2D) materials are drawing significant attention because their atomic size results in unique material properties. Although water is often present in these systems and it significantly affects the microelectromechanical system or device performance, very little is known about the interfacial properties of 2D materials in the presence of water. This is partially due to the challenges involved in contamination-free, controlled processing of high quality 2D materials, which limits fundamental studies and applications. This project will study the science associated with the interfacial properties of 2D materials. Since the technology has direct applicability to micro and nano-scale devices, the research has the potential to impact the automotive, consumer electronic, aerospace and defense sectors, and therefore directly impacts economic welfare and national security. The research will contribute to the development of work force in the U.S. by training two graduate students research assistants. Further, the PIs? integrated education plan is designed to spark the early interest of K-12 students in STEM and inspire undergraduate and graduate students to further advance their interests in the intersection of 2D materials and surface science and engineering. In addition, the PIs will focus on broadening nano-engineering education by engaging student veterans and high school and minority students via summer research opportunities and field trips. The PIs will also actively pursue outreach activities, including interactive lectures and hands-on activities.In order to fill the knowledge gap of interfacial properties of 2D materials in aqueous environment, two major lines of research will be followed: (1) establish manufacturing methods for single- and few-layer graphene and molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) that afford control of their quality, the number of layers and substrate-induced doping characteristics over several length scales and (2) fundamentally comprehend, measure and model friction, adhesion, and lubrication by few-atomic thick materials in aqueous environment. The research hypothesis is that substrate-induced doping can be a means to modulate the interactions of few-atomic thick materials with water and ions, as well as their interfacial mobility, and therefore, it can be used to control electrical double layer, friction, adhesion and lubrication mechanisms. Preparation of contamination-free, single-crystalline graphene and MoS2 layers with controlled substrate-induced doping will enable careful study of interfacial properties of 2D materials in aqueous environment. Measurements with a surface forces apparatus (SFA) will provide thorough data of interfacial forces, which will be precisely modeled to quantify the effects of the substrate-induced doping. The ease of preparing samples for atomic force microscopy (AFM) will enable to also investigate substrate-induced doping via metal thin films, a higher number of ionic compositions and also to qualitatively compare the interfacial behavior of MoS2 and graphene with several other (exfoliated) 2D materials and with the bulk crystals. Ultimately, a theory for the relation between substrate-induced doping of 2D materials and their adhesive and frictional characteristics in the presence of water will be established.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

二维(2D)材料正引起人们的极大关注，因为它们的原子尺寸决定了独特的材料性质。虽然水经常存在于这些系统中，并且它对微电子机械系统或器件的性能有很大的影响，但人们对水存在下的2D材料的界面性质知之甚少。这在一定程度上是由于高质量2D材料的无污染、受控加工所涉及的挑战，这限制了基础研究和应用。这个项目将研究与2D材料的界面属性相关的科学。由于该技术直接适用于微纳米级设备，因此这项研究有可能影响汽车、消费电子、航空航天和国防行业，因此直接影响经济福利和国家安全。这项研究将通过培训两名研究生研究助理，为美国劳动力的发展做出贡献。更进一步，私家侦探？综合教育计划旨在激发K-12学生对STEM的早期兴趣，并激励本科生和研究生进一步提高他们对2D材料和表面科学与工程交叉的兴趣。此外，PIS将专注于通过暑期研究机会和实地考察吸引退伍军人、高中生和少数族裔学生参与，从而扩大纳米工程教育。PIS还将积极开展外展活动，包括互动讲座和动手活动。为了填补2D材料在水环境中的界面性质的知识空白，将开展以下两个主要研究方向：(1)建立单层和几层石墨烯和二硫化钼(MoS2)的制造方法，以在几个长度尺度上控制其质量、层数和衬底诱导的掺杂特性；(2)从根本上理解、测量和模拟少原子厚度材料在水环境中的摩擦、粘合和润滑。研究假设认为，衬底诱导掺杂可以作为一种手段来调节少原子厚度材料与水和离子的相互作用，以及它们的界面迁移率，从而可以用来控制双电层、摩擦、粘着和润滑机制。通过控制衬底诱导掺杂制备无污染的单晶石墨烯和MoS_2薄膜，将有助于仔细研究2D材料在水环境中的界面性质。表面作用力装置(SFA)的测量将提供完整的界面力数据，这些数据将被精确建模，以量化衬底诱导的掺杂的影响。原子力显微镜(AFM)样品制备的简便性将使我们能够研究衬底诱导的通过金属薄膜的掺杂，以及更多的离子成分，还可以定性地比较MoS2和石墨烯与其他几种(剥离的)2D材料和大块晶体的界面行为。最终，2D材料的衬底诱导掺杂及其在水存在下的粘附性和摩擦特性之间的关系的理论将被建立。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。