Topochemical synthesis of functional 2D materials

功能二维材料的拓扑化学合成

• 批准号: 1905914
• 负责人: Brian Leonard
• 金额: $ 49.05万
• 依托单位: University of Wyoming
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-15 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1905914&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Topochemical; synthesis; functional; 2D; materials

PART 1: NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARYModification of functional materials is one of the greatest challenges facing materials scientists and this tuning is critical for future technological applications. Two dimensional (2D) materials, like graphene, have the potential to unlock new technologies that will lead to smaller, cheaper, faster, and more efficient devices. The long-term goal of this project is to develop new synthetic methods that allow for the modification of more complex, multi-element 2D materials through insertion reactions in which guest atoms and molecules are incorporated without disrupting the original layered structure of the host. The initial aim of this project will focus on layered metal oxyhalide compounds with the short-term goals of understanding what role the host materials play on the insertion reactions and the types of guests that can be inserted. By understanding what governs the insertion reactions, new guests with novel properties can be designed and incorporated into layered materials resulting in products with specific desirable properties. The physical and electronic properties of these materials will be monitored to understand how to fine tune 2D materials for future applications including batteries, smart windows, and ultra-thin electronic components like transistors and capacitors. This project, supported by the Solid State and Materials Chemistry program in the Division of Materials Research and the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR), will give students from high school through graduate school hands on training and education in the field of materials chemistry. These future scientists will be taught skills in both synthesis and characterization solid state materials as well as the fundamental background on these technologically important materials. The PI will also interact with high school and community college classes through demonstrations and seminars to help educate the general public about the importance of novel layered materials for future applications. PART 2: TECHNICAL SUMMARYThe goal of this project is to develop new synthetic methods to prepare 2D oxyhalide materials with tunable properties and provide a platform for modifying other types of 2D materials through intercalation chemistry. There are several types of layered elements and compounds, but understanding of the chemistry behind their intercalation reactions is limited. This project will focus on the synthesis and characterization -- including optical, electrical, and magnetic properties measurements -- of layered transition metal oxychloride crystals intercalated with multiple guest species including Li, Fe, Co, and Mn. These novel layered materials will be synthesized from their single crystal host metal oxychlorides using solvothermal methods and characterized with electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron paramagnetic resonance, and absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopies. These characterization techniques will help locate and quantify the second metal in the gap between the covalent metal oxide layers and understand how it affects the properties of the host material. The development of these new synthetic methods will lead to a family of novel bimetallic oxychlorides with interesting electronic and magnetic properties. It will also provide a general synthetic method that will enable intercalation of metals beyond alkali and alkaline metals. Finally, the project will use these layered materials as a starting point for exfoliation to produce atomically thin 2D sheets with new fundamental properties due to quantum confinement and enable fine tuning of their properties. This project is supported by the Solid State and Materials Chemistry program in the Division of Materials Research and the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

第一部分： 功能材料的改性是材料科学家面临的最大挑战之一，这种调整对于未来的技术应用至关重要。二维（2D）材料，如石墨烯，有可能解锁新技术，从而导致更小，更便宜，更快，更高效的设备。该项目的长期目标是开发新的合成方法，允许通过插入反应来修改更复杂的多元素2D材料，在插入反应中，客体原子和分子被合并，而不会破坏主体的原始分层结构。该项目的最初目标将集中在层状金属卤氧化物化合物上，短期目标是了解主体材料在插入反应中的作用以及可以插入的客体类型。通过了解什么支配插入反应，可以设计具有新特性的新客体并将其掺入层状材料中，从而产生具有特定期望特性的产品。这些材料的物理和电子特性将被监测，以了解如何微调2D材料，以适应未来的应用，包括电池、智能窗户和超薄电子元件，如晶体管和电容器。该项目由材料研究部的固态和材料化学计划以及刺激竞争性研究的既定计划（EPSCoR）支持，将为高中到研究生院的学生提供材料化学领域的培训和教育。这些未来的科学家将被教授合成和表征固态材料的技能，以及这些技术上重要材料的基本背景。PI还将通过演示和研讨会与高中和社区大学课堂互动，以帮助教育公众了解新型分层材料对未来应用的重要性。第二部分： 本项目的目标是开发新的合成方法来制备具有可调性能的2D卤氧化物材料，并为通过插层化学修饰其他类型的2D材料提供平台。有几种类型的层状元素和化合物，但对其嵌入反应背后的化学性质的理解是有限的。该项目将专注于层状过渡金属氯氧化物晶体的合成和表征-包括光学，电学和磁性测量-嵌入多个客体物种，包括Li，Fe，Co和Mn。这些新的层状材料将从它们的单晶主体金属氯氧化物使用溶剂热方法合成，其特征在于与电子显微镜，X射线衍射，电子顺磁共振，吸收和光致发光光谱。这些表征技术将有助于定位和量化共价金属氧化物层之间的差距中的第二金属，并了解它如何影响主体材料的性质。这些新的合成方法的发展将导致一个家庭的新的氯氧化物有趣的电子和磁性。它还将提供一种通用的合成方法，该方法将能够插入碱金属和碱性金属之外的金属。最后，该项目将使用这些层状材料作为剥离的起点，以产生原子级薄的2D片材，由于量子限制而具有新的基本特性，并能够对其特性进行微调。 该项目由材料研究部的固态和材料化学计划以及刺激竞争性研究的既定计划（EPSCoR）支持。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。