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A Northern Hemisphere Holocene Paleoatmospheric Record of Ethane and Acetylene from the GISP2 Ice Core

GISP2 冰芯中乙烷和乙炔的北半球全新世古大气记录

基本信息

批准号：
1907971
负责人：
Eric Saltzman
金额：
$ 50万
依托单位：
University of California-Irvine
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-08-15 至 2025-01-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1907971&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Northern Hemisphere Holocene Paleoatmospheric Record

项目摘要

Biomass burning has a major impact on atmospheric composition and climate due to emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols. The past history of fire emissions is not well documented, and as a result, the relationship between fire and climate on long time scales is not well understood. This project will investigate the atmospheric histories of ethane and acetylene, trace gases emitted to the atmosphere from biomass and biofuel burning. Measurements of these trace gases in the air bubbles entrapped in Greenland ice cores will document past variations in the atmospheric levels of these trace gases over a wide range of climatic conditions and environmental change. The data will provide new insight into the variability in fire on millennial time scales and quantify the contribution of fire to past atmospheric levels of greenhouse gases. This knowledge will contribute to the development of land surface and earth system models capable of simulating fire in future climate scenarios. This project will support the dissertation research of a PhD student in the UC Irvine Department of Earth System Science and outreach activities in K-12 classrooms through the non-profit CLEAN Education initiative founded and operated by graduate students at UC Irvine. Ethane and acetylene measurements in firn air and shallow ice cores demonstrate that the entrapped air in polar ice contains a paleoatmospheric record of these trace gases. In this study, the investigators will analyze ethane and acetylene in ice core samples from the GISP2 ice core (Summit, Greenland), spanning the last glacial maximum, glacial/interglacial transition, and Holocene periods. Trace gas emissions will be inferred from the atmospheric histories using a 3-D global photochemical/transport model and biogeochemical box models. This study will provide a northern hemispheric counterpart to an Antarctic ice core record under development. Together, the Greenland and Antarctic records will provide estimates of: 1) past global biomass burning emissions of these trace gases, 2) partitioning of fire emissions between tropical and boreal sources, and 3) the magnitude and variability of pyrogenic methane emissions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

由于温室气体和气溶胶的排放，生物质燃烧对大气组成和气候有重大影响。过去的火灾排放历史没有得到很好的记录，因此，在很长一段时间内，火灾与气候之间的关系也没有得到很好的理解。该项目将调查乙烷和乙炔的大气历史，这是生物质和生物燃料燃烧向大气排放的微量气体。对格陵兰冰芯中气泡中这些微量气体的测量将记录这些微量气体在广泛的气候条件和环境变化范围内大气水平的过去变化。这些数据将为了解火灾在千年时间尺度上的可变性提供新的见解，并量化火灾对过去大气温室气体水平的贡献。这些知识将有助于开发能够模拟未来气候情景中的火灾的陆地表面和地球系统模型。该项目将支持加州大学欧文分校地球系统科学系一名博士生的论文研究，并通过由加州大学欧文分校研究生创建和运营的非营利性清洁教育倡议，在K-12课堂上开展推广活动。冰雪空气和浅冰芯中的乙烷和乙炔测量表明，极地冰芯中的空气包含了这些痕量气体的古大气记录。在这项研究中，研究人员将分析来自GISP2冰芯(格陵兰顶峰)的冰芯样本中的乙烷和乙炔，该冰芯跨越最后一次冰盛期、冰期/间冰期过渡期和全新世时期。将利用3-D全球光化学/传输模型和生物地球化学盒模型从大气历史推断微量气体排放。这项研究将提供一个与正在开发中的南极冰芯记录相对应的北半球。格陵兰岛和南极的记录将一起提供以下估计：1)这些痕量气体过去的全球生物质燃烧排放，2)热带和北部来源之间的火灾排放分配，以及3)热源甲烷排放的规模和可变性。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。