CHS: Small: Collaborative Research: Improving Mobile Device Input for Users who are Blind or Low Vision

智能手机是日常生活的重要组成部分。但是对于有视觉障碍的人来说，像写短信或浏览网页这样的基本任务可能会非常缓慢和困难。该项目的目标是开发无障碍文本输入方法，使视力障碍者能够以与视力正常者相当的速度输入文本。这个项目将为今天的标准文本输入方法设计新的算法和反馈方法，这些方法包括点击各个键，在键上打手势或通过语音口述。该项目旨在通过音频和触觉反馈实现更准确的输入来帮助用户避免错误，通过提供文本不确定部分的音频和视觉注释来帮助用户发现错误，并通过结合原始输入的概率信息，更正和有关错误位置的近似信息来帮助用户纠正错误。改善盲人或低视力者的文本输入方法将使他们能够更有效地使用移动的设备进行工作和休闲。因此，该项目是实现视力障碍者平等的重要一步。这个项目将有助于新的界面设计的可访问性和人机交互文学。它将通过以下方式推进移动终端无障碍方面的最新技术水平：首先，研究除盲人外，低视力者的文本输入无障碍。下一步，研究人员将研究和开发无障碍的手势输入法。 最后，该项目将开发无障碍语音输入方法。 该项目将产生设计指南，反馈方法，输入技术，识别算法，用户研究结果和软件原型，这些将指导盲人或低视力用户改进研究和商业输入系统。此外，该项目在纠错和修改过程中的工作将提高触摸屏和语音输入方法的可用性和性能。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Smartphones are an essential part of everyday life. But for people with visual impairments, basic tasks like composing text messages or browsing the web can be prohibitively slow and difficult. The goal of this project is to develop accessible text entry methods that will enable people with visual impairments to enter text at rates comparable to sighted people. This project will design new algorithms and feedback methods for today's standard text entry approaches of tapping on individual keys, gesturing across keys, or dictating via speech. The project aims to help users avoid errors by enabling more accurate input via audio and tactile feedback, help users find errors by providing audio and visual annotation of uncertain portions of the text, and help users correct errors by combining the probabilistic information from the original input, the correction, and approximate information about an error's location. Improving text entry methods for people who are blind or have low vision will enable them to use their mobile devices more effectively for work and leisure. Thus, this project represents an important step to achieving equity for people with visual impairments. This project will contribute novel interface designs to the accessibility and human-computer interaction literature. It will advance the state-of-the-art in mobile device accessibility by, first, studying text entry accessibility for low vision in addition to blind people. Next, the researchers will study and develop accessible gesture typing input methods. Finally, the project will develop accessible speech input methods. This project will produce design guidelines, feedback methods, input techniques, recognition algorithms, user study results, and software prototypes that will guide improvements to research and commercial input systems for users who are blind or low-vision. Further, the project's work on the error correction and revision process will improve the usability and performance of touchscreen and speech input methods for everyone.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.