Collaborative Research: Ocean Transport and Eddy Energy

合作研究：海洋运输和涡流能

• 批准号: 1912325
• 负责人: Ryan Abernathey
• 金额: $ 4.92万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1912325&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Ocean; Transport; Eddy

Ocean mesoscale eddies are turbulent motions with lateral scales of tens to hundreds of kilometers. These eddies can significantly impact the transport of heat, carbon, and nutrients throughout the oceans, and play an essential role in shaping the ocean's strongest mean currents and their variability. Energy exchanged between the ocean and atmosphere, and across reservoirs and scales in the ocean controls the ocean circulation and transport. Mesoscale eddies play a significant role in this energy exchange. Yet, these eddies are at best partially resolved in ocean climate models, and most of their momentum and tracer transport must be parameterized. Imperfections in these parameterizations lead to biases in modern climate models, including incorrect rates of exchange of heat and carbon with the atmosphere, errors in the position and strength of the ocean's strongest current systems, and incorrect stratification at high latitudes. This Climate Process Team (CPT) brings together observationalists, modelers, and theoreticians to unify and extend recent research on ocean eddy energetics and parameterization, therefore improving both our knowledge of these processes and their representation in ocean models. Newly generated datasets for ocean energetics and transport, together with the increased fidelity of climate models, will advance our understanding of mesoscale eddies in the climate system in particular through their role in the energy budget. This research will lead to increased ocean model fidelity, and therefore has the potential to reduce some of the most stubborn biases in climate models, primarily related to the strength and position of strong currents, and the ocean's stratification. The team, which includes three leading global coupled modeling centers, will implement new parameterizations within climate models, therefore enhancing links between modeling centers and universities. The project will also generate new datasets and parameterizations, promoted on many platforms (e.g., Pangeo, GitHub), which can be used by the whole climate community. The results will be disseminated via publications and annual workshops involving the international community. The project will support the training of four postdoctoral researchers by enhancing their knowledge in fundamental ocean dynamics, eddy parameterizations, numerical modeling, and observational analysis. The team will also promote underrepresented groups in STEM (three female PIs, including the lead PI). Finally, improved climate simulations can lead to improved predictions with significant societal and economic benefits.Extant parameterizations fail to fully account for the exchanges of mesoscale energy with different scales, or conversions between kinetic and potential energy reservoirs. Recent advances from theory, process studies and longer-term observational records of ocean energetics can now be leveraged to improve the current generation of climate models across a range of horizontal resolutions. This CPT aims to vet, improve, and unify new advances in energy-, flow- and scale-aware eddy parameterizations in process studies and global models; constrain parameters and parameterized eddy fluxes through a synthesis of up-to-date observations of ocean energetics and transport; and implement and assess schemes within IPCC-class models at NCAR, GFDL, and LANL. Modernized, energetically-consistent mesoscale eddy parameterizations are expected to significantly reduce model biases in ocean currents, stratification, and transport.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

海洋中尺度涡旋是一种横向尺度为几十到几百公里的湍流运动。这些涡旋可以显著影响热量、碳和营养物质在整个海洋中的传输，并在塑造海洋最强的平均海流及其变化方面发挥重要作用。海洋与大气之间、海洋中的水库和尺度之间的能量交换控制着海洋的环流和输运。中尺度涡旋在这种能量交换中发挥着重要作用。然而，这些涡旋在海洋气候模式中充其量只能部分解决，它们的动量和示踪剂输送必须参数化。这些参数化的不完善导致了现代气候模型的偏差，包括与大气的热量和碳交换率不正确，海洋最强洋流系统的位置和强度错误，以及高纬度地区的不正确分层。这个气候过程团队（CPT）汇集了观测者，建模者和理论家，统一和扩展最近对海洋涡旋能量学和参数化的研究，从而提高了我们对这些过程的了解及其在海洋模型中的代表性。新生成的海洋能量学和运输数据集，加上气候模型的保真度提高，将促进我们对气候系统中的中尺度涡旋的理解，特别是通过它们在能量预算中的作用。这项研究将提高海洋模型的保真度，因此有可能减少气候模型中一些最顽固的偏差，主要与强海流的强度和位置以及海洋分层有关。该团队包括三个领先的全球耦合建模中心，将在气候模型中实施新的参数化，从而加强建模中心和大学之间的联系。该项目还将生成新的数据集和参数化，在许多平台上推广（例如，Pangeo、GitHub），可供整个气候社区使用。将通过出版物和有国际社会参与的年度讲习班传播成果。该项目将支持四名博士后研究人员的培训，提高他们在基础海洋动力学，涡流参数化，数值模拟和观测分析方面的知识。该团队还将促进STEM中代表性不足的群体（三名女性PI，包括首席PI）。最后，改进的气候模拟可以带来显著的社会和经济效益的改进的预测。现有的参数化不能充分考虑不同尺度的中尺度能量交换，或动能和势能库之间的转换。现在可以利用海洋能量学理论、过程研究和长期观测记录的最新进展，在一系列水平分辨率上改进当前一代气候模型。该CPT旨在审查，改进和统一过程研究和全球模型中能量，流量和尺度感知涡参数化的新进展;通过合成海洋能量学和运输的最新观测来约束参数和参数化涡通量;并在NCAR，GFDL和LANL的IPCC级模型中实施和评估计划。现代化的，能量一致的中尺度涡参数化预计将显着减少模型偏差的洋流，分层和transport.This奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

项目成果

Diffusion‐Based Smoothers for Spatial Filtering of Gridded Geophysical Data

• DOI: 10.1029/2021ms002552
• 发表时间: 2021-06
• 期刊: Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems
• 影响因子: 6.8
• 作者: I. Grooms;Nora Loose;R. Abernathey;Jacob M. Steinberg;S. Bachman;Gustavo M. Marques;Arthur Guillaumin;E. Yankovsky

GCM-Filters: A Python Package for Diffusion-based Spatial Filtering of Gridded Data

GCM-Filters：用于网格数据基于扩散的空间过滤的 Python 包

• DOI: 10.21105/joss.03947
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Open Source Software
• 作者: Loose, Nora;Abernathey, Ryan;Grooms, Ian;Busecke, Julius;Guillaumin, Arthur;Yankovsky, Elizabeth;Marques, Gustavo;Steinberg, Jacob;Ross, Andrew;Khatri, Hemant
• 通讯作者: Khatri, Hemant