OPUS: CRS: Trade-offs among fungal traits that influence responses to the environment and effects on ecosystems

OPUS：CRS：影响对环境的响应和对生态系统影响的真菌特征之间的权衡

• 批准号: 1912525
• 负责人: Kathleen Treseder
• 金额: $ 26.04万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-01 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1912525&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: OPUS; CRS; Trade; offs; among

To help the U.S. prepare for droughts, wildfires, heat waves, and other environmental changes, this project will focus on invisible players in soil ecosystems: fungi. Although they are small, soil fungi are important because they strongly impact soil fertility and carbon (C) storage. Currently, scientists use computer simulations called Earth System Models to predict future environmental change. These models can be improved by including better information about how soil fungi function under different environmental conditions. In this project, researchers are gathering information from ten years of experiments on fungi in Alaska, California, and Costa Rica. Their work will analyze how thousands of fungal species respond to the environment, and link those species to their impact on ecosystem function. This information will be used to improve the predictive role of Earth System Models. In addition, the project will test foundational ideas about fungal ecology, like whether fungi that adapt to more stressful environmental conditions lose their ability to grow well under favorable conditions. The project also includes training for a PhD student and work to make field research practices safer, especially for women on scientific teams.A central challenge in ecosystem science is to improve predictions of carbon (C) cycling in ecosystems under future environmental conditions. The synthesis proposed for this fungal ecology project is a critical step in this process, and will leverage ten years of fungal DNA sequence data from experimental field manipulations. From these data, they will characterize how thousands of fungal taxa respond to contrasting environmental changes. Using the new community-generated Fungal Functional Traits Database, the PI and a graduate student will link the responses of individual taxa to their functional (i.e., morphological, physiological, and genetic) traits. They can then predict how changes in environmental conditions like drought can select for fungi that perform particular functions within ecosystems, like recalcitrant C production. Analyses will also test the applicability of Grime's Competitive-Stress Tolerance-Ruderal scheme for fungi, to determine whether evolutionary or physiological trade-offs preclude a given individual from thriving broadly under an array of conditions, including environmental stress and disturbance. The PI posits that across fungal taxa, the suites of functional traits associated with moderate, stable conditions versus those associated with environmental stress or disturbance will be negatively related to one another, owing to trade-offs among these traits. Via the synthesis activities described above, results are intended to move soil fungal ecology past the discovery phase and toward the interrogation of foundational conceptual frameworks. The value added will be a documentation of links between the responses of fungal taxa to the environment with their potential effects on ecosystems. The linkages discovered can be used to parameterize microbial trait-based models to improve predictions of C cycling in ecosystems. In addition, these analyses will expand the Fungal Functional Traits Database to include responses to environmental conditions. To facilitate use by the broader community, all products will be open-access and open-source.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

为了帮助美国为干旱，野火，热浪和其他环境变化做准备，该项目将重点关注土壤生态系统中的隐形参与者：真菌。尽管它们很小，但土壤真菌很重要，因为它们强烈影响土壤的生育能力和碳（C）储存。当前，科学家使用称为“接地系统模型”的计算机模拟来预测未来的环境变化。可以通过包括有关土壤真菌在不同环境条件下如何运作的更好信息来改进这些模型。在这个项目中，研究人员正在收集有关阿拉斯加，加利福尼亚和哥斯达黎加真菌的十年实验的信息。他们的工作将分析成千上万种真菌物种对环境的反应，并将这些物种与它们对生态系统功能的影响联系起来。该信息将用于改善地球系统模型的预测作用。此外，该项目将测试有关真菌生态学的基本思想，例如适应更紧张的环境条件的真菌是否会失去其在有利条件下成长良好的能力。该项目还包括对博士生的培训和使现场研究实践更安全的工作，尤其是对于科学团队的女性。生态系统科学的中心挑战是改善对未来环境条件下生态系统循环的碳循环的预测。该真菌生态项目提出的合成是此过程中的关键步骤，并将利用实验现场操作的十年真菌DNA序列数据。从这些数据中，它们将表征成千上万的真菌分类单元对对比鲜明的环境变化的反应。使用新的社区生成的真菌功能性状数据库，PI和研究生将把单个分类单元的响应与其功能（即形态学，生理和遗传）特征联系起来。然后，他们可以预测如何在生态系统中执行特定功能的真菌等环境条件中的变化（例如顽固的C生产）。分析还将测试污垢的竞争性压力耐受性 - 划线方案对真菌的适用性，以确定进化或生理权衡是否排除给定的人在包括环境压力和干扰在内的各种条件下都无法在广泛的情况下蓬勃发展。 PI认为，在真菌分类单元中，由于这些性状之间的权衡，与中等，稳定条件相关的功能性状套件与与环境压力或干扰相关的套件相关。 通过上述的合成活动，结果旨在将土壤真菌生态学转移到发现阶段，并朝着基础概念框架的审问。增值将是真菌分类单元对环境的响应之间的联系的文档，其潜在影响对生态系统。发现的链接可用于参数化基于微生物性状的模型，以改善生态系统中C循环的预测。此外，这些分析将扩展真菌功能性状数据库，以包括对环境条件的响应。为了促进更广泛的社区的使用，所有产品将是开放式和开源产品。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准通过评估来获得支持的。

项目成果

Nutrient and stress tolerance traits linked to fungal responses to global change

• DOI: 10.1525/elementa.2020.00144
• 发表时间: 2021-01
• 期刊: Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene
• 作者: K. Treseder;C. Alster;L. Cat;M. Gorris;A. Kuhn;Karissa G. Lovero;F. Hagedorn;J. Kerekes;T. McHugh;E. Solly

Trait relationships of fungal decomposers in response to drought using a dual field and laboratory approach

• DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4063
• 发表时间: 2022-06
• 期刊: Ecosphere
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: C. Alster;S. Allison;K. Treseder

Microbial community response to a decade of simulated global changes depends on the plant community

• DOI: 10.1525/elementa.2021.00124
• 发表时间: 2021-01-01
• 期刊: ELEMENTA-SCIENCE OF THE ANTHROPOCENE
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Finks, Sarai S.;Weihe, Claudia;Martiny, Jennifer B. H.
• 通讯作者: Martiny, Jennifer B. H.

Fluorescent nanoparticles as tools in ecology and physiology

• DOI: 10.1111/brv.12758
• 发表时间: 2021-06-17
• 期刊: BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
• 影响因子: 10
• 作者: Farkkila，Sanni M. A.;Kiers，E. Toby;Tedersoo，Leho
• 通讯作者: Tedersoo，Leho

Life history strategies of soil bacterial communities across global terrestrial biomes

• DOI: 10.1038/s41564-023-01465-0
• 发表时间: 2023-10
• 期刊: Nature Microbiology
• 影响因子: 28.3
• 作者: G. Piton;S. Allison;Mohammad Bahram;Falk Hildebrand;J. Martiny;K. Treseder;A. Martiny